A soft cortex is essential for asymmetric spindle positioning in mouse oocytes
CAMPILLO, Clément
Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] [ILM]
Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences [LP2N]
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Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] [ILM]
Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences [LP2N]
CAMPILLO, Clément
Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] [ILM]
Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences [LP2N]
< Reduce
Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] [ILM]
Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences [LP2N]
Language
en
Article de revue
This item was published in
Nature Cell Biology. 2013-08-01, vol. 15, n° 8, p. 958-966
Nature Publishing Group
English Abstract
At mitosis onset, cortical tension increases and cells round up, ensuring correct spindle morphogenesis and orientation. Thus, cortical tension sets up the geometric requirements of cell division. On the contrary, cortical ...Read more >
At mitosis onset, cortical tension increases and cells round up, ensuring correct spindle morphogenesis and orientation. Thus, cortical tension sets up the geometric requirements of cell division. On the contrary, cortical tension decreases during meiotic divisions in mouse oocytes, a puzzling observation because oocytes are round cells, stable in shape, that actively position their spindles. We investigated the pathway leading to reduction in cortical tension and its significance for spindle positioning. We document a previously uncharacterized Arp2/3-dependent thickening of the cortical F-actin essential for first meiotic spindle migration to the cortex. Using micropipette aspiration, we show that cortical tension decreases during meiosis I, resulting from myosin-II exclusion from the cortex, and that cortical F-actin thickening promotes cortical plasticity. These events soften and relax the cortex. They are triggered by the Mos-MAPK pathway and coordinated temporally. Artificial cortex stiffening and theoretical modelling demonstrate that a soft cortex is essential for meiotic spindle positioning.Read less <
English Keywords
ARP2/3 COMPLEX
CORTICAL TENSION
SYMMETRY-BREAKING
MICROTUBULE ORGANIZATION
MEIOTIC SPINDLE
MAP KINASE
F-ACTIN MESHWORK
:LIGHT-CHAIN KINASE
MAMMALIAN OOCYTES
SURFACE-RECEPTORS
Origin
Hal imported