CHAIGNE, Agathe; CAMPILLO, Clément; GOV, Nir; VOITURIEZ, Raphael; AZOURY, Jessica; UMANA-DIAZ, Claudia; ALMONACID, Maria; QUEGUINER, Isabelle; NASSOY, Pierre; SYKES, C.; VERLHAC, Marie-Hélène; TERRET, Marie-Emilie

doi:10.1038/ncb2799

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CHAIGNE, Agathe
Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie [CIRB]

CAMPILLO, Clément
Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] [ILM]
Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences [LP2N]

GOV, Nir
Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël]

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Nature Cell Biology. 2013-08-01, vol. 15, n° 8, p. 958-966

Nature Publishing Group

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At mitosis onset, cortical tension increases and cells round up, ensuring correct spindle morphogenesis and orientation. Thus, cortical tension sets up the geometric requirements of cell division. On the contrary, cortical tension decreases during meiotic divisions in mouse oocytes, a puzzling observation because oocytes are round cells, stable in shape, that actively position their spindles. We investigated the pathway leading to reduction in cortical tension and its significance for spindle positioning. We document a previously uncharacterized Arp2/3-dependent thickening of the cortical F-actin essential for first meiotic spindle migration to the cortex. Using micropipette aspiration, we show that cortical tension decreases during meiosis I, resulting from myosin-II exclusion from the cortex, and that cortical F-actin thickening promotes cortical plasticity. These events soften and relax the cortex. They are triggered by the Mos-MAPK pathway and coordinated temporally. Artificial cortex stiffening and theoretical modelling demonstrate that a soft cortex is essential for meiotic spindle positioning.< Leer menos

Palabras clave en inglés

ARP2/3 COMPLEX

CORTICAL TENSION

SYMMETRY-BREAKING

MICROTUBULE ORGANIZATION

MEIOTIC SPINDLE

MAP KINASE

F-ACTIN MESHWORK

:LIGHT-CHAIN KINASE

MAMMALIAN OOCYTES

SURFACE-RECEPTORS

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A soft cortex is essential for asymmetric spindle positioning in mouse oocytes

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