Oak genome reveals facets of long lifespan
CHANTRET, Nathalie
Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales [UMR AGAP]
Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales [UMR AGAP]
DIEVART, Anne
Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales [UMR AGAP]
Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales [UMR AGAP]
BOUFFAUD, Marie-Lara
Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research [UFZ]
Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research [UFZ]
SOLER, Marçal
Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales [LRSV]
Universitat de Girona = University of Girona [UdG]
Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales [LRSV]
Universitat de Girona = University of Girona [UdG]
TARKKA, Mika
Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research [UFZ]
< Reduce
Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research [UFZ]
Language
en
Article de revue
This item was published in
Nature Plants. 2018, vol. 4, n° 7, p. 440-452
Nature Publishing Group
English Abstract
Oaks are an important part of our natural and cultural heritage. Not only are they ubiquitous in our most common landscapes1 but they have also supplied human societies with invaluable services, including food and shelter, ...Read more >
Oaks are an important part of our natural and cultural heritage. Not only are they ubiquitous in our most common landscapes1 but they have also supplied human societies with invaluable services, including food and shelter, since prehistoric times2. With 450 species spread throughout Asia, Europe and America3, oaks constitute a critical global renewable resource. The longevity of oaks (several hundred years) probably underlies their emblematic cultural and historical importance. Such long-lived sessile organisms must persist in the face of a wide range of abiotic and biotic threats over their lifespans. We investigated the genomic features associatedwith such a long lifespan by sequencing, assembling and annotating the oak genome. We then used the growing number of whole-genome sequences for plants (including tree and herbaceous species) to investigate the parallel evolution of genomic characteristics potentially underpinning tree longevity. A further consequence of the long lifespan of trees is their accumulation of somatic mutations during mitotic divisions of stem cells present in the shoot apical meristems. Empirical4 and modelling5 approaches have shown that intra-organismal genetic heterogeneity can be selected for6 and provides direct fitness benefits in the arms race with short-lived pests andpathogens through a patchwork of intra-organismal phenotypes7. However, there is no clear proof that large-statured trees consist of a genetic mosaic of clonally distinct cell lineages within and between branches. Through this case study of oak, we demonstrate the accumulation and transmission of somatic mutations and the expansion of disease-resistance gene families in trees.Read less <
English Keywords
Forestry
Genomics
Plant evolution
Plant Immunity
Sequencing
European Project
AgreenSkills+
ANR Project
Plateforme d'Innovation " Forêt-Bois-Fibre-Biomasse du Futur "
Recherches Avancées sur l'Arbre et les Ecosytèmes Forestiers
Recherches Avancées sur l'Arbre et les Ecosytèmes Forestiers
Origin
Hal imported