From resources to a products : which environmental imacts for ecosystem?

Abstract

For more than one hundred years the industrial revolution explodes all over the worldthrough the different technologies. All these technologies were developed to help and increasethe human conditions in providing new products. However, this development demands more andmore resources (e.g. energy, water, raw materials) and generates many undesirable consequenceswith our over consumptions and the industrial systems used for the production.With the development of the research in human health and on the ecosystems, one hascapable to assess our potential negative impacts. It exists many model in order to assess theenvironmental impacts (environmental impacts are on the ecosystem and on human health), oneof the most famous methodology is the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) [1] [2] that is managed bythe standard ISO 14040 and ISO 14044. However, even if this methodology is well-known, thisone presents many limitations.