SLIMAK, Ludovic; VIMALA, Tharsika; SEGUIN-ORLANDO, Andaine; ZANOLLI, Clément; METZ, Laure; JOANNES-BOYAU, Renaud; FROUIN, Marine; ARNOLD, Lee; DEMURO, Martina; DEVIESE, Thibaut; COMESKEY, Daniel; BUCKLEY, Michael; CAMUS, Hubert; MUTH, Xavier; LEWIS, Jason; BOCHERENS, Hervé; YVORRA, Pascale; TENAILLEAU, Christophe; DUPLOYER, Benjamin; COQUEUGNIOT, Hélène; DUTOUR, Olivier; HIGHAM, Thomas; SIKORA, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100593

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SLIMAK, Ludovic
Centre d'anthropologie et de génomique de Toulouse [CAGT]

VIMALA, Tharsika
Section for GeoGenetics

SEGUIN-ORLANDO, Andaine
Centre d'anthropologie et de génomique de Toulouse [CAGT]
Section for GeoGenetics

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Cell Genomics. 2024-09-11, vol. 4, n° 9, p. 100593

Elsevier

Résumé en anglais

Neanderthal genomes have been recovered from sites across Eurasia, painting an increasingly complex picture of their populations' structure that mostly indicates that late European Neanderthals belonged to a single metapopulation with no significant evidence of population structure. Here, we report the discovery of a late Neanderthal individual, nicknamed "Thorin," from Grotte Mandrin in Mediterranean France, and his genome. These dentognathic fossils, including a rare example of distomolars, are associated with a rich archeological record of Neanderthal final technological traditions in this region ∼50-42 thousand years ago. Thorin's genome reveals a relatively early divergence of ∼105 ka with other late Neanderthals. Thorin belonged to a population with a small group size that showed no genetic introgression with other known late European Neanderthals, revealing some 50 ka of genetic isolation of his lineage despite them living in neighboring regions. These results have important implications for resolving competing hypotheses about causes of the disappearance of the Neanderthals. >< Réduire

Mots clés en anglais

Europe

Neanderthal extinction

fossils

genetic and social isolation

genetic divergence

genomics

last Neanderthals

population structure

proteomics

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Long genetic and social isolation in Neanderthals before their extinction

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