Sémillon is a cultivated grape variety known for contributing to dry and sweet white wine production. However, only seven approved clones have been officially recognized in France[1]. In this study, we aimed to characterize the genetic diversity and metabolomic profiles of a Sémillon clonal population, shedding light on the potential variations within this important grape variety. Through Illumina whole genome sequencing of 53 Sémillon clones, we observed various genetic variations, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), providing comprehensive insights into their diversity and genomic variations. Additionally, metabolic profiling of berries was established with a combination of chemical and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, allowing to quantify key quality-related parameters such as pH, acidity, sugar content and volatile thiol precursor compounds. Remarkably, our findings revealed significant variations among Sémillon clones, leading to their placing in three distinct clusters. Moreover, phenotypic evaluations highlighted variations in mid-veraison dates, cluster yield, and berry weight. These findings have practical implications for winemakers and vineyard managers, enabling informed decisions in selecting specific clones with desirable traits to achieve desired wine styles and adapt to specific environments and market demands. To unravel the underlying mechanisms behind the observed metabolomic and phenotypic variation within this Sémillon clonal population, comprehensive investigations of global metabolome profiles, epigenetic variations, and virome of the Sémillon clones will be conducted. Through the implementation of multi-omics approaches, we aim to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the Sémillon clonal population, unraveling complex regulatory networks and identifying factors that drive the unique characteristics of clones. This integrative approach will expand our knowledge beyond individual components and provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay among key players at various biological levels.< Réduire