Following the detection of a pine wood nematode outbreak, Implementing Decision 2012/535/EU imposes eradication measures for at least four years, mainly consisting of the establishment of: i) clear-cuts with a radius of 500 m around the infested plants and ii) intensive surveillance within a radius varying from 6 to 20 km around the infested zone. To estimate the effectiveness of these measures, a simulation model was developed and calibrated using experimental data specifying the dispersal capabilities of the insect vector Monochamus galloprovincialis. These data were obtained in the laboratory (on a flight mill) and in natura (mark-and-recapture experiments) in the context of the Landes de Gascogne forest (David, 2014 and David et al., 2014), one of the forest areas most exposed to the risk of introduction of the pine wood nematode in France. The simulations that were then carried out under different scenarios (preventive or curative) showed that the clear-cuts currently requested by European and French regulations would not be effective in a landscape configuration of continuous plantations of maritime pine. Indeed, with the recommended radius of 500 m, at best 11% of nematode transmissions by the insect vector would be avoided. Moreover, to obtain a pine wood nematode transmission rate lower than 0.1%, it would be necessary to implement clear-cuts with a radius of 15 - 38 km (Anses, 2015). These simulations, carried out in the context of a continuous forest, should however be supplemented by a scenario involving highly fragmented pine forests. In this regard, it would be interesting to include biological data from Spanish forest managers, as they are directly involved in implementing nematode eradication measures in this type of landscape. Alternative management measures to control the spread of the pine wood nematode were also assessed by the Working Group.Read less <