During the Hellenistic period (4th BC to 1st BC), Rhodes was one of the most important Greek cities for the production of stamped amphorae, which were exported to the far reaches of the Mediterranean and beyond. The stamps printed on the two handles of the amphorae are the markers of their origin and the witness of the long distance transport and trade of agricultural products, particularly wine.The Rhodian stamps indicate the year and even the month, providing the archaeologist with exceptionally accurate chronological tracers (Finkielstejn, 2001). Moreover, they contribute to a better understanding of the political, economic and social organisation of Greek cities (Badoud and Marangou, 2019). Currently, more than two hundred thousand amphora stamps were documented (Cankardeş-Şenol, 2015-2017). The fabricants on Rhodes Island were grouped into "houses", representing the production centres. Stylistic studies revealed that the amphorae workshops were managed by dynasties of manufacturers of the same family.A preliminary study (Emperor and Abdel Gawad, 2020) on three houses had already highlighted compositional variations. The present study goes further, and is based on the selection of a total of 680 amphora handles from the collections of Alexandria, Delos and Athens. These handles were attributed to 36 fabricants, belonging to 13 houses between the 3rd and 1st centuries BC. The entire collection was analysed using pXRF, with a parallel petrographic study on half of the collection, providing us with a reference for the Rhodian material and its variability over time.The objective is to see if the chemical and mineralogical compositions can highlight the evolution of the production of these amphorae, especially in the selection of raw materials, along with their preparation. In fact, if it has been possible through the previous study to differentiate Rhodian productions from those of Knidos, can we go further to differentiate between the various fabricant houses? Furthermore, do the variations in the composition of each house allow us to locate these workshops on the island?This large-scaled study sets the foundation for a more detailed approach based on a large corpus of samples and, beyond that, initiates a broader review of amphorae production strategies in the Aegean Sea.Bibliography Badoud N. and Marangou A. (ed.), 2019. Analyse et exploitation des timbres amphoriques grecs, Colloque École Française d’Athènes 2010, Rennes, Presses Universitaires de Rennes.Cankardeş-Şenol G., 2015-2017. Lexicon of eponym dies on Rhodian amphora stamps, Vol. 1 to 4, Alexandria, Centre d'études alexandrines.Empereur J.-Y. and Abdel Gawad M., 2020. Nouvelles approches pour l’histoire des échanges à longue distance dans la Méditerranée antique appliquées aux amphores de Rhodes à l’époque hellénistique, in Dinh-Audouin M.-T. et al. (ed.), Chimie et Alexandrie dans l’Antiquité, Paris, Maison de la Chimie.< Réduire