In this study, a rapid and sensitive method using on-line solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled to liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (SPE HPLC-MS/MS) was developed to analyse 15 azole fungicides currently used in vineyards in blackbird plasma samples. The monitored fungicides included 13 triazoles (cyproconazole, difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, fenbuconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, metconazole, penconazole, propiconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol) and 2 imidazoles (imazalil and prochloraz). After a rapid preparation step by protein precipitation with acetonitrile on 25 µL of plasma samples, final extracts diluted with Milli-Q water were analyzed by on-line SPE-LC-MS/MS in positive electrospray mode (ESI+) using the dynamic multi-reaction monitoring mode (dMRM). Following optimization, method validation was achieved through studies of linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, precision, and sample extract conservation. The limits of quantification (LOQs) obtained for a low volume of plasma (25 µL) ranged from 0.01 to 0.43 ng g−1 plasma, except for triadimenol (1.37 ng g−1). Finally, the validated method was successfully applied to 34 Eurasian blackbird plasma samples, with blackbirds from different habitats (city, forest, vineyards) submitted to contrasted azole pressures. Five of them were detected, tebuconazole and tetraconazole being the predominant ones. As expected, azoles concentrations were more elevated in blackbirds sampled in vineyards where most of these fungicides are used.< Leer menos