Productivity, biomass partitioning, and energy yield of low-input short-rotation American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.) grown on marginal land: effects of planting density and simulated drought
DOMEC, Jean-Christophe
Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère [UMR ISPA]
Nicholas School of the Environment
Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère [UMR ISPA]
Nicholas School of the Environment
FISCHER, Milan
Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources [North Carolina State University]
Global Change Research Centre [CzechGlobe]
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Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources [North Carolina State University]
Global Change Research Centre [CzechGlobe]
DOMEC, Jean-Christophe
Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère [UMR ISPA]
Nicholas School of the Environment
Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère [UMR ISPA]
Nicholas School of the Environment
FISCHER, Milan
Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources [North Carolina State University]
Global Change Research Centre [CzechGlobe]
Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources [North Carolina State University]
Global Change Research Centre [CzechGlobe]
NOORMETS, Asko
Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources [North Carolina State University]
Department of Ecosystem Science and Management
Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources [North Carolina State University]
Department of Ecosystem Science and Management
WILLIAMSON, James C.
Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources [North Carolina State University]
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Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources [North Carolina State University]
Langue
en
Article de revue
Ce document a été publié dans
BioEnergy Research. 2017, vol. 10, n° 3, p. 903-914
Springer
Résumé en anglais
Short-rotation woody crops (SRWC) grown for bioenergy production are considered a more sustainable feedstock than food crops such as corn and soybean. However, to be sustainable SRWC should be deployed on land not suitable ...Lire la suite >
Short-rotation woody crops (SRWC) grown for bioenergy production are considered a more sustainable feedstock than food crops such as corn and soybean. However, to be sustainable SRWC should be deployed on land not suitable for agriculture (e.g., marginal lands). Here we quantified productivity and energy yield of four SRWC candidate species grown at different planting densities (1250, 2500, 5000, and 10,000 trees ha−1) under a low-input regime on a marginal site in the Piedmont of North Carolina and responses to reduced water availability. By the end of the first growing season, 75 to 100% tree mortality occurred in all tested species (Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Populus nigra) except American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), the productivity of which was positively affected by planting density, but unaffected by the throughfall reduction treatment. After 4 years of growth, the 10,000 trees ha−1 sycamore treatment produced smaller individual trees but the largest amount of total tree biomass (23.2 ± 0.9 Mg ha−1), which, although greater, was not significantly different from the 5000 trees ha−1 treatment (19.6 ± 1.5 Mg ha−1). The two highest planting density treatments had similar aboveground net primary productivity (ANPPwood) of 7.2 Mg ha−1 year−1. By contrast, in the 1250 and 2500 trees ha−1 treatments, ANPPwood was significantly lower, ranging from 3.4 to 5.4 Mg ha−1 year−1. Stem wood made up a majority of the biomass produced regardless of spacing density, but live branch biomass weight increased with decreasing planting density, comprising up to 31% of total aboveground biomass in the 1250 trees ha−1 treatment. Gross energy yield reached 140 GJ ha−1 year−1 for the 10,000 trees ha−1 treatment. Given this productivity, American sycamore could potentially yield 2400 (±380) L ethanol ha−1 year−1 over the first 4-year rotation. This study demonstrated that of the four species tested, only American sycamore grown on marginal land under low inputs (no fertilizer, no irrigation, limited weed control) had the capacity to successfully establish and maintain SRWC productivity, which might compare favorably with other fast-growing tree and grass species that typically require high inputs.< Réduire
Mots clés
courte rotation
bioénergie
ligneux forestier
états-unis
Mots clés en anglais
american sycamore
bioenergy
degraded land
bioethanol
productivity
short-rotation woody crops
usa
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