SCHMITT, Aurélien; VALLET, Pierre; ROSTICHER, Michael; TANIGUCHI, Takashi; WATANABE, Kanji; BOCQUILLON, Erwann; FÈVE, Gwendal; BERROIR, Jean-Marc; VOISIN, Christophe; CAYSSOL, Jérôme; GOERBIG, Mark; TROOST, Jan; BAUDIN, Emmanuel; PLAÇAIS, Bernard

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SCHMITT, Aurélien
Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris [LPENS]

VALLET, Pierre
Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine [LOMA]

ROSTICHER, Michael
Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain [LPA]
Laboratoire de physique de l'ENS - ENS Paris [LPENS]

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Strong electric field annihilation by particle-antiparticle pair creation, described in detail by Sauter and Schwinger, is a basic non-perturbative prediction of quantum electrodynamics. Its experimental demonstration remains elusive as Schwinger fields E S are beyond reach even for the light electron-positron pairs. Here we put forward a mesoscopic variant of the Schwinger effect in graphene, which hosts Dirac fermions with electron-hole symmetry. Using DC transport and RF noise, we report on universal 1d-Schwinger conductance at the pinch-off of ballistic graphene transistors. Strong pinch-off electric fields are concentrated in a length Λ > ∼ 0.1 µm at the transistor drain, and induce Schwinger e-h pair creation at saturation, for a Schwinger voltage V S = E S Λ on the order of the pinch-off voltage. This Klein-Schwinger effect (KSE) precedes an instability toward an ohmic Zener regime, which is rejected at twice the pinch-off voltage in long devices. The KSE not only gives clues to current saturation limits in ballistic graphene, but also opens new routes for quantum electrodynamic experiments in the laboratory.< Réduire

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Mesoscopic Klein-Schwinger effect in graphene

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Résumé en anglais

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