Siderophores are biogenic metallophores that can play significant roles in the dynamics of a range of metals, including Cu, in the soil. Understanding the impact of siderophores on the mobility and the availability of metals in soil is required to optimize the efficiency of soil remediation processes such as phytoextraction. This study compared the ability of siderophores desferrioxamine B (DFOB) and pyoverdine (Pvd) to mobilize metals in a series of Cu-contaminated soils, and investigated the extent their metal mobilization efficiency changed over time and with the level of Cu contamination of the soil. Siderophores were supplied (or not) to Cu-contaminated soils and metal mobility was assessed through their total concentration in 0.005 M CaCl2 extract. DFOB selectively mobilized Fe and Al while Pvd also mobilized Cu and Ni, Co, V and As but to a lesser degree. The 1:1 relationship between DFOB in the CaCl2 extract and Fe + Al mobilized from the solid phase suggests that DFOB mobilized metals by ligand-controlled dissolution. The accumulation of Cu in soil enhanced the adsorption of DFOB and Pvd at the surface of soil constituents and the mobilization of Fe to the detriment of Al by the two siderophores. The metal mobilization efficiency of DFOB and to a lesser extent of Pvd decreased over 22 days. According to 15N-Pvd analyses, Pvd degradation at least partly contributed to the progressive reduction in the metal mobilization efficiency of Pvd. The processes behind these results and the relevance of these results for manipulating the availability of Cu (and Fe) in soil are discussed.< Réduire