PECINKA, Ales; CHEVALIER, Christian; COLAS, Isabelle; KALANTIDIS, Kriton; VAROTTO, Serena; KRUGMAN, Tamar; MICHAELIDIS, Christos; VALLÉS, María-Pilar; MUÑOZ, Aitor; PRADILLO, Mónica

doi:10.1093/jxb/erz457

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PECINKA, Ales
Palacky University Olomouc

CHEVALIER, Christian
Biologie du fruit et pathologie [BFP]

COLAS, Isabelle
The James Hutton Institute

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Article de revue

Ce document a été publié dans

Journal of Experimental Botany. 2020, vol. 71, n° 17, p. 5205-5222

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Résumé en anglais

Genetic information in the cell nucleus controls organismal development, responses to the environment and finally ensures own transmission to the next generations. To achieve so many different tasks, the genetic information is associated with structural and regulatory proteins, which orchestrate nuclear functions in time and space. Furthermore, plant life strategies require chromatin plasticity to allow a rapid adaptation to abiotic and biotic stresses. Here, we summarize current knowledge on the organisation of plant chromatin and dynamics of chromosomes during interphase and mitotic and meiotic cell divisions for model and crop plants differing as to the genome size, ploidy and amount of genomic resources available. The existing data indicate that chromatin changes accompany most (if not all) cellular processes and that there are both shared and unique themes in the chromatin structure and global chromosome dynamics among species. Ongoing efforts to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in chromatin organisation and remodeling have, together with the latest genome editing tools, potential to unlock crop genomes for innovative breeding strategies and improvements of various traits.< Réduire

Mots clés

epigenetics

meiosis

mitosis

Mots clés en anglais

Arabidopsis

Chromatin

chromosome

crops

plant breeding

plant development