ARAKI, T.; ENOMOTO, S.; FURUNO, K.; GANDO, Y.; ICHIMURA, K.; IKEDA, H.; INOUE, K.; KISHIMOTO, Y.; KOGA, M.; KOSEKI, Y.; MAEDA, T.; MITSUI, T.; MOTOKI, M.; NAKAJIMA, K.; OGAWA, H.; OGAWA, M.; OWADA, K.; RICOL, J.-S.; SHIMIZU, I.; SHIRAI, J.; SUEKANE, F.; SUZUKI, A.; TADA, K.; TAKEUCHI, S.; TAMAE, K.; TSUDA, Y.; WATANABE, H.; BUSENITZ, J.; CLASSEN, T.; DJURCIC, Z.; KEEFER, G.; LEONARD, D.; PIEPKE, A.; YAKUSHEV, E.; E. BERGER, B.; D. CHAN, Y.; P. DECOWSKI, M.; DWYER, D.A.; J. FREEDMAN, S.; K. FUJIKAWA, B.; GOLDMAN, J.; GRAY, F.; M. HEEGER, K.; HSU, L.; T. LESKO, K.; LUK, K.-B.; MURAYAMA, H.; O'DONNELL, T.; W. P. POON, A.; M. STEINER, H.; A. WINSLOW, L.; MAUGER, C.; D. MCKEOWN, R.; VOGEL, P.; E. LANE, C.; MILETIC, T.; GUILLIAN, G.; G. LEARNED, J.; MARICIC, J.; MATSUNO, S.; PAKVASA, S.; A. HORTON-SMITH, G.; DAZELEY, S.; HATAKEYAMA, S.; ROJAS, A.; SVOBODA, R.; D. DIETERLE, B.; DETWILER, J.; GRATTA, G.; ISHII, K.; TOLICH, N.; UCHIDA, Y.; BATYGOV, M.; BUGG, W.; EFREMENKO, Y.; KAMYSHKOV, Y.; KOZLOV, A.; NAKAMURA, Y.; J. KARWOWSKI, H.; M. MARKOFF, D.; NAKAMURA, K.; M. ROHM, R.; TORNOW, W.; WENDELL, R.; CHEN, M.-J.; WANG, Y.-F.; PIQUEMAL, F.

doi:10.1038/nature03980

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Nature. 2005, vol. 436, p. 499-503

Nature Publishing Group

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The detection of electron antineutrinos produced by natural radioactivity in the Earth could yield important geophysical information. The Kamioka liquid scintillator antineutrino detector (KamLAND) has the sensitivity to detect electron antineutrinos produced by the decay of $^{238}$U and $^{232}$Th within the Earth. Earth composition models suggest that the radiogenic power from these isotope decays is 16 TW, approximately half of the total measured heat dissipation rate from the Earth. Here we present results from a search for geoneutrinos with KamLAND. Assuming a Th/U mass concentration ratio of 3.9, the 90 per cent confidence interval for the total number of geoneutrinos detected is 4.5 to 54.2. This result is consistent with the central value of 19 predicted by geophysical models. Although our present data have limited statistical power, they nevertheless provide by direct means an upper limit (60 TW) for the radiogenic power of U and Th in the Earth, a quantity that is currently poorly constrained.< Leer menos

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geophysics

radioactivity

uranium

thorium

potassium

antineutrino/e

particle identification

antineutrino p exclusive reaction

charged current

scintillation counter liquid

experimental results

deep underground detector

KamLAND

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Experimental investigation of geologically produced antineutrinos with KamLAND

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Centros de investigación