The previous French Society of Respiratory Diseases (SPLF, Société de Pneumologie de Langue Française) position paper on pharmacological treatment optimization in stable COPD was released in 2016 [1]. Many randomized clinical trials assessing new pharmacological treatments/devices have been published since then. The concept of a personalized approach in COPD based on phenotypes, endotypes, and treatable traits generates a growing interest although much uncertainty remains regarding the best way to optimize pharmacological therapy in COPD, and especially regarding the use of biomarkers in addition to clinical characteristics. Therefore, existing propositions and guidelines need to be regularly updated, as recently done by several national or international societies or working groups including Global Obstructive Lung Disease, GOLD [2], National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, NICE [3], European respiratory Society, ERS [4] and American Thoracic Society, ATS [5]. In this context, the SPLF decided to update its position on pharmacological treatment optimization in stable COPD in 2021. A working group expert in COPD, representative of pulmonologists, pharmacists, physiologists and general practitioners, reviewed the literature published between 2016 and 2021 [6]. The basis for this position paper is derived from randomized controlled trials, large cohorts, real-world-evidence and expert advices.< Leer menos