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Discovery of a complex linearly polarized spectrum of Betelgeuse dominated by depolarization of the continuum

hal.structure.identifierInstitut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie [IRAP]
dc.contributor.authorAURIÈRE, M.,
hal.structure.identifierInstitut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie [IRAP]
dc.contributor.authorLÓPEZ ARISTE, A.,
hal.structure.identifierInstitut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie [IRAP]
dc.contributor.authorMATHIAS, P.,
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier [LUPM]
dc.contributor.authorLÈBRE, Agnès
hal.structure.identifierCentre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille [CRCM]
dc.contributor.authorJOSSELIN, E.,
hal.structure.identifierInstitut de RadioAstronomie Millimétrique [IRAM]
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique [LESIA]
dc.contributor.authorMONTARGÈS, M.,
hal.structure.identifierInstitut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie [IRAP]
dc.contributor.authorPETIT, P.,
dc.contributor.authorCHIAVASSA, A.,
hal.structure.identifierInstitut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie [IRAP]
dc.contributor.authorPALETOU, F.,
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier [LUPM]
dc.contributor.authorFABAS, N.,
hal.structure.identifierBulgarian Academy of Sciences [BAS]
dc.contributor.authorKONSTANTINOVA-ANTOVA, R.,
hal.structure.identifierInstitut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie [IRAP]
dc.contributor.authorDONATI, J.-F.,
dc.contributor.authorGRUNHUT, J. H.,
hal.structure.identifierCranfield University
dc.contributor.authorWADE, G. A.,
hal.structure.identifierFORMATION STELLAIRE 2016
dc.contributor.authorHERPIN, Fabrice
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique [LESIA]
dc.contributor.authorKERVELLA, P.,
hal.structure.identifierDAM Île-de-France [DAM/DIF]
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique [LESIA]
dc.contributor.authorPERRIN, G.,
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier [LUPM]
dc.contributor.authorTESSORE, B.,
dc.date.issued2016-05
dc.identifier.issn0004-6361
dc.description.abstractEnBetelgeuse is an M supergiant that harbors spots and giant granules at its surface and presents linear polarization of its continuum. We have previously discovered linear polarization signatures associated with individual lines in the spectra of cool and evolved stars. Here, we investigate whether a similar linearly polarized spectrum exists for Betelgeuse. We used the spectropolarimeter Narval, combining multiple polarimetric sequences to obtain high signal-to-noise ratio spectra of individual lines, as well as the least-squares deconvolution (LSD) approach. We have discovered the existence of a linearly polarized spectrum for Betelgeuse, detecting a rather strong signal (at a few times 10$^{-4}$ of the continuum intensity level), both in individual lines and in the LSD profiles. Studying its properties and the signal observed for the resonant \ion{Na}{i}\,D lines, we conclude that we are mainly observing depolarization of the continuum by the absorption lines. The linear polarization of the Betelgeuse continuum is due to the anisotropy of the radiation field induced by brightness spots at the surface and Rayleigh scattering in the atmosphere. We have developed a geometrical model to interpret the observed polarization, from which we infer the presence of two brightness spots and their positions on the surface of Betelgeuse. We show that applying the model to each velocity bin along the Stokes Q and U profiles allows the derivation of a map of the bright spots. We use the Narval linear polarization observations of Betelgeuse obtained over a period of 1.4 years to study the evolution of the spots. Our study of the linearly polarized spectrum of Betelgeuse provides a novel method for studying the evolution of brightness spots at its surface and complements quasi-simultaneous observations obtained with PIONIER at the VLTI.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherEDP Sciences
dc.subject.enAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
dc.title.enDiscovery of a complex linearly polarized spectrum of Betelgeuse dominated by depolarization of the continuum
dc.typeArticle de revue
dc.identifier.doi10.1051/0004-6361/201628077
dc.subject.halPlanète et Univers [physics]/Astrophysique [astro-ph]/Astrophysique galactique [astro-ph.GA]
dc.identifier.arxiv1605.04702
bordeaux.journalAstronomy and Astrophysics - A&A
bordeaux.pageA119
bordeaux.volume591
bordeaux.peerReviewedoui
hal.identifierhal-01323866
hal.version1
hal.popularnon
hal.audienceInternationale
hal.origin.linkhttps://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr//hal-01323866v1
bordeaux.COinSctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Astronomy%20and%20Astrophysics%20-%20A&A&rft.date=2016-05&rft.volume=591&rft.spage=A119&rft.epage=A119&rft.eissn=0004-6361&rft.issn=0004-6361&rft.au=AURI%C3%88RE,%20M.,&L%C3%93PEZ%20ARISTE,%20A.,&MATHIAS,%20P.,&L%C3%88BRE,%20Agn%C3%A8s&JOSSELIN,%20E.,&rft.genre=article


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