This study focuses on the impact of businesses through their corporate social and environmental responsibility policies and their patronage activities in fragile territories, including urban, peri-urban, and rural areas. To think about the role of a company is to question its contribution to human and sustainable development in territories that reflect different realities, depending on whether they concern a family (living area), an employer (employment zone, catchment area, etc.), or an elected official (electoral district). Every location with employees, customers, or suppliers requires a territorial anchoring of the company to ensure the sustainability of its activities and better cooperation with public actors and the social economy sector (ESS), in order to serve the community: the preservation of life, the dynamism of local life, and economic viability. The report has documented around a hundred business initiatives that provide answers to the challenges identified in these territories in areas such as social cohesion, mobility, inclusion, education, access to employment and training, support for ecological transition, food, healthcare and prevention, housing, and digital access.Through this inventory, the report examines the social, environmental, and economic inequalities that affect individuals, as well as the main contrasts in territories that companies must consider in their territorial engagement (regional metropolitan growth, distance from employment areas, industrial decline, wealth gaps, etc.). Furthermore, the analysis of economic, geographical, demographic, and ecological issues in territories, particularly in Île-de-France, Hauts-de-France, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, and overseas regions, is put into perspective with the numerous social challenges they face.After thirteen months of study and hearings, the working group developed a set of common impact measurement indicators for business actions, drawing from observed practices in the field and recommendations from the research community. These indicators allow for documenting, managing, and reporting on the impact produced by an organization, as well as uniting public and private stakeholders to measure the impact of their economic activities, improve data collection, harmonize practices, and speak a common language.The research also focuses on different business models, and the results of the working group highlight the importance of territorial anchoring for businesses, defined by their ability to integrate into the local fabric and governance and to initiate multi-stakeholder cooperation, as one of the conditions for generating social impact. This vision of corporate responsibility resonates with the call for a fairer transition, which encompasses the challenges of both ecological transition and social justice.< Réduire