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ARES VI: Are 1D retrieval models accurate enough to characterize exo-atmospheres with transmission spectroscopy in the era of JWST and Ariel?

hal.structure.identifierPLANETO - LATMOS
hal.structure.identifierObservatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève [ObsGE]
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] [LAB]
dc.contributor.authorJAZIRI, Yassin
hal.structure.identifierObservatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève [ObsGE]
dc.contributor.authorPLURIEL, William
hal.structure.identifierDipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza]
dc.contributor.authorBOCCHIERI, Andrea
hal.structure.identifierInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris [IAP]
dc.contributor.authorPANEK, Emilie
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics [LESIA]
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) [LMD]
dc.contributor.authorTEINTURIER, Lucas
hal.structure.identifierPLANETO - LATMOS
dc.contributor.authorIVANOVA, Anastasia
hal.structure.identifierInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris [IAP]
hal.structure.identifierSchool of Natural Sciences [Hobart]
dc.contributor.authorREKTSINI, Natalia
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics [LESIA]
hal.structure.identifierInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris [IAP]
dc.contributor.authorDROSSART, Pierre
hal.structure.identifierInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris [IAP]
hal.structure.identifierSchool of Natural Sciences [Hobart]
dc.contributor.authorBEAULIEU, Jean-Philippe
hal.structure.identifierInstitut de Physique du Globe de Paris [IPG Paris]
hal.structure.identifierAstrophysique Interprétation Modélisation [AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)]
dc.contributor.authorFALCO, Aurélien
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] [LAB]
dc.contributor.authorLECONTE, Jérémy
hal.structure.identifierSchool of Physics and Astronomy [Cardiff]
hal.structure.identifierDipartimento di Fisica [Roma La Sapienza]
hal.structure.identifierDepartment of Physics and Astronomy [UCL London]
dc.contributor.authorMUGNAI, Lorenzo
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques [LISA (UMR_7583)]
dc.contributor.authorVENOT, Olivia
dc.date2024-01-09
dc.date.issued2024-01-09
dc.identifier.issn0004-6361
dc.description.abstractEnThe observed exoplanets transit spectra are usually retrieved using one-dimensional models to determine atmospheric composition. However, planetary atmospheres are three-dimensional. With the new state-of-the-art James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and future space telescopes such as Ariel (Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey), we will be able to obtain increasingly accurate transit spectra. The 3D effects on the spectra will be visible, and we can expect biases in the 1D extractions. In order to elucidate these biases, we have built theoretical observations of transit spectra, from 3D atmospheric modeling through transit modeling to instrument modeling. For that purpose, we used a Global Climate Model (GCM) to simulate the atmosphere, a 3D-radiative transfer model to calculate theoretical transmission spectra, and adapted instrument software from JWST and Ariel to reproduce telescope noise. Next, we used a 1D-radiative transfer inversion model to retrieve the known input atmosphere and disentangle any biases that might be observed. The study has been done from warm planets to ultra-hot planets to assess biases as a function of average planet temperature. Three-dimensional effects are observed to be strongly non-linear from the coldest to the hottest planets. These effects also depend on the planet's metallicity and gravity. Considering equilibrium chemistry, 3D effects are observed through very strong variations for certain features of the molecule, or very small variations over the whole spectrum. We conclude that we cannot rely on the uncertainty of retrievals at all pressures, and that we must be cautious about the results of retrievals at the top of the atmosphere. However the results are still fairly close to the truth at mid altitudes (those probed). We also need to be careful about the chemical models used for planetary atmosphere. If the chemistry of one molecule is not correctly described, this will bias all the others, as well as the retrieved temperature. Finally, although fitting a wider wavelength range and higher resolution has been shown to increase retrievals accuracy, we show that this could depend on the wavelength range chosen, due to the accuracy on modeling the different features. In any case, 1D retrievals are still correct for the detection of molecules, even in the event of an erroneous abundance retrieval.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherEDP Sciences
dc.subject.enexoplanets
dc.subject.enmeteorology
dc.subject.enRadiative transfer
dc.subject.ennumerical techniques
dc.subject.entransmission spectroscopy
dc.title.enARES VI: Are 1D retrieval models accurate enough to characterize exo-atmospheres with transmission spectroscopy in the era of JWST and Ariel?
dc.typeArticle de revue
dc.identifier.doi10.1051/0004-6361/202347379
dc.subject.halPlanète et Univers [physics]
dc.identifier.arxiv2401.03809
bordeaux.journalAstronomy and Astrophysics - A&A
bordeaux.peerReviewedoui
hal.identifierinsu-04392384
hal.version1
hal.popularnon
hal.audienceInternationale
hal.origin.linkhttps://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr//insu-04392384v1
bordeaux.COinSctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Astronomy%20and%20Astrophysics%20-%20A&A&rft.date=2024-01-09&rft.eissn=0004-6361&rft.issn=0004-6361&rft.au=JAZIRI,%20Yassin&PLURIEL,%20William&BOCCHIERI,%20Andrea&PANEK,%20Emilie&TEINTURIER,%20Lucas&rft.genre=article


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