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No thick carbon dioxide atmosphere on the rocky exoplanet TRAPPIST-1 c

dc.contributor.authorZIEBA, Sebastian
dc.contributor.authorKREIDBERG, Laura
hal.structure.identifierAstrophysique Interprétation Modélisation [AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)]
dc.contributor.authorDUCROT, Elsa
dc.contributor.authorGILLON, Michaël
dc.contributor.authorMORLEY, Caroline
dc.contributor.authorSCHAEFER, Laura
dc.contributor.authorTAMBURO, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorKOLL, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorLYU, Xintong
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille [LAM]
dc.contributor.authorACUÑA, Lorena
dc.contributor.authorAGOL, Eric
dc.contributor.authorIYER, Aishwarya
dc.contributor.authorHU, Renyu
dc.contributor.authorLINCOWSKI, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorMEADOWS, Victoria
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] [LAB]
dc.contributor.authorSELSIS, Franck
dc.contributor.authorBOLMONT, Emeline
dc.contributor.authorMANDELL, Avi
dc.contributor.authorSUISSA, Gabrielle
dc.date.issued2023-06-19
dc.identifier.issn0028-0836
dc.description.abstractEnAbstract Seven rocky planets orbit the nearby dwarf star TRAPPIST-1, providing a unique opportunity to search for atmospheres on small planets outside the Solar System 1 . Thanks to the recent launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), possible atmospheric constituents such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) are now detectable 2,3 . Recent JWST observations of the innermost planet TRAPPIST-1 b showed that it is most probably a bare rock without any CO 2 in its atmosphere 4 . Here we report the detection of thermal emission from the dayside of TRAPPIST-1 c with the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) on JWST at 15 µm. We measure a planet-to-star flux ratio of f p / f ⁎ = 421 ± 94 parts per million (ppm), which corresponds to an inferred dayside brightness temperature of 380 ± 31 K. This high dayside temperature disfavours a thick, CO 2 -rich atmosphere on the planet. The data rule out cloud-free O 2 /CO 2 mixtures with surface pressures ranging from 10 bar (with 10 ppm CO 2 ) to 0.1 bar (pure CO 2 ). A Venus-analogue atmosphere with sulfuric acid clouds is also disfavoured at 2.6 σ confidence. Thinner atmospheres or bare-rock surfaces are consistent with our measured planet-to-star flux ratio. The absence of a thick, CO 2 -rich atmosphere on TRAPPIST-1 c suggests a relatively volatile-poor formation history, with less than $${9.5}_{-2.3}^{+7.5}$$ 9.5 − 2.3 + 7.5 Earth oceans of water. If all planets in the system formed in the same way, this would indicate a limited reservoir of volatiles for the potentially habitable planets in the system.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherNature Publishing Group
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
dc.title.enNo thick carbon dioxide atmosphere on the rocky exoplanet TRAPPIST-1 c
dc.typeArticle de revue
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s41586-023-06232-z
dc.subject.halPlanète et Univers [physics]
bordeaux.journalNature
bordeaux.peerReviewedoui
hal.identifierinsu-04154910
hal.version1
hal.popularnon
hal.audienceInternationale
hal.origin.linkhttps://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr//insu-04154910v1
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