TORRES RUIZ, Jose Manuel; COCHARD, Hervé; MENCUCCINI, Maurizio; DELZON, Sylvain; BADEL, Eric

doi:10.1111/pce.12840

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TORRES RUIZ, Jose Manuel
Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés [BioGeCo]

COCHARD, Hervé
Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier [PIAF]

MENCUCCINI, Maurizio
University of Edinburgh [Edin.]
Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats = Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies [ICREA]

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Ce document a été publié dans

Plant, Cell and Environment. 2016, vol. 39, n° 12, p. 2774-2785

Wiley

Résumé en anglais

Xylem embolism is one of the main processes involved in drought-related plant mortality. Although its consequences for plant physiology are already well described, embolism formation and spread are poorly evaluated and modelled, especially for tracheid-based species. The aim of this study was to assess the embolism formation and spread in Pinus sylvestris as a case study using X-ray microtomography and hydraulics methods. We also evaluated the potential effects of cavitation fatigue on vulnerability to embolism and the micro-morphology of the bordered pits using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to test for possible links between xylem anatomy and embolism spread. Finally, a novel model was developed to simulate the spread of embolism in a 2D anisotropic cellular structure. Results showed a large variability in the formation and spread of embolism within a ring despite no differences being observed in intertracheid pit membrane anatomical traits. Simulations from the model showed a highly anisotropic tracheid-to-tracheid embolism spreading pattern, which confirms the major role of tracheid-to-tracheid air seeding to explain how embolism spreads in Scots pine. The results also showed that prior embolism removal from the samples reduced the resistance to embolism of the xylem and could result in overestimates of vulnerability to embolism.< Réduire

Mots clés

cavitation

fatigue

vulnérabilité

embolisme

microtomographie

anatomie du xylème

Mots clés en anglais

vulnerability to embolism

xylem anatomy

x-ray microtomography

drought-induced embolism

stress-induced

vulnerability segmentation

hydraulic conductance

resistance

recovery

mechanism

conifers

curves

vulnerability