ABDO, A.A.; ACKERMANN, Markus; AJELLO, Marco; ALLAFORT, A.; B. ATWOOD, W.; BALDINI, Luca; BALLET, Jean; BARBIELLINI, Guido; G. BARING, M.; BASTIERI, D.; M. BAUGHMAN, B.; BECHTOL, K.; BELLAZZINI, R.; BERENJI, B.; N. BHAT, P.; D. BLANDFORD, R.; D. BLOOM, E.; BONAMENTE, E.; W. BORGLAND, A.; BOUVIER, A.; J. BRANDT, T.; BREGEON, J.; BREZ, A.; S. BRIGGS, M.; BRIGIDA, M.; BRUEL, Pascal; BUEHLER, R.; H. BURNETT, T.; BUSON, S.; A. CALIANDRO, G.; A. CAMERON, R.; CARAVEO, P. A.; CARRIGAN, S.; M. CASANDJIAN, J.; CAVAZZUTI, E.; CECCHI, C.; ÇELIK, Ö.; CHARLES, E.; CHEKHTMAN, A.; W. CHEN, A.; C. CHEUNG, C.; CHIANG, J.; CIPRINI, S.; CLAUS, R.; COHEN-TANUGI, J.; CONNAUGHTON, V.; CONRAD, J.; COSTAMANTE, L.; D. DERMER, C.; DE ANGELIS, A.; DE PALMA, F.; W. DIGEL, S.; L. DINGUS, B.; DO COUTO E SILVA, E.; S. DRELL, P.; DUBOIS, R.; FAVUZZI, C.; J. FEGAN, S.; FINKE, J.; FORTIN, P.; FUKAZAWA, Y.; FUNK, S.; FUSCO, P.; GARGANO, F.; GASPARRINI, D.; GEHRELS, N.; GERMANI, S.; GIGLIETTO, N.; C. GILMORE, R.; GIOMMI, P.; GIORDANO, F.; GIROLETTI, M.; GLANZMAN, T.; GODFREY, G.; GRANOT, J.; GREINER, J.; A. GRENIER, I.; E. GROVE, J.; GUIRIEC, S.; GUSTAFSSON, M.; HADASCH, D.; HAYASHIDA, M.; HAYS, E.; HORAN, D.; E. HUGHES, R.; JÓHANNESSON, G.; S. JOHNSON, A.; P. JOHNSON, R.; N. JOHNSON, W.; KAMAE, T.; KATAGIRI, H.; KATAOKA, J.; KNÖDLSEDER, Jürgen; KOCEVSKI, D.; KUSS, M.; LANDE, J.; LATRONICO, L.; LEE, S.-H.; LLENA GARDE, M.; LONGO, F.; LOPARCO, F.; LOTT, B.; N. LOVELLETTE, M.; LUBRANO, P.; MAKEEV, A.; N. MAZZIOTTA, M.; MCCONVILLE, W.; E. MCENERY, J.; MCGLYNN, S.; MEHAULT, J.; MÉSZÁROS, P.; F. MICHELSON, P.; MIZUNO, T.; A. MOISEEV, A.; MONTE, C.; E. MONZANI, M.; MORETTI, E.; MORSELLI, A.; V. MOSKALENKO, I.; MURGIA, S.; NAKAMORI, T.; NAUMANN-GODO, M.; L. NOLAN, P.; P. NORRIS, J.; NUSS, E.; OHNO, M.; OHSUGI, T.; OKUMURA, A.; OMODEI, N.; ORLANDO, E.; F. ORMES, J.; OZAKI, M.; PANEQUE, D.; H. PANETTA, J.; PARENT, D.; PELASSA, V.; PEPE, M.; PESCE-ROLLINS, M.; PIRON, F.; PORTER, T.A.; R. PRIMACK, J.; RAINÒ, S.; RANDO, R.; RAZZANO, M.; RAZZAQUE, S.; REIMER, A.; REIMER, O.; C. REYES, L.; RIPKEN, J.; RITZ, S.; W. ROMANI, R.; ROTH, M.; F.-W. SADROZINSKI, H.; SANCHEZ, D.; SANDER, A.; D. SCARGLE, J.; L. SCHALK, T.; SGRÒ, C.; S. SHAW, M.; J. SISKIND, E.; D. SMITH, P.; SPANDRE, G.; SPINELLI, P.; W. STECKER, F.; S. STRICKMAN, M.; J. SUSON, D.; TAJIMA, H.; TAKAHASHI, H.; TAKAHASHI, T.; TANAKA, T.; B. THAYER, J.; G. THAYER, J.; J. THOMPSON, D.; TIBALDO, L.; F. TORRES, D.; TOSTI, G.; TRAMACERE, A.; UCHIYAMA, Y.; L. USHER, T.; VANDENBROUCKE, J.; VASILEIOU, V.; VILCHEZ, N.; VITALE, V.; VON KIENLIN, A.; P. WAITE, A.; WANG, P.; WILSON-HODGE, C.; L. WINER, B.; S. WOOD, K.; YAMAZAKI, R.; YANG, Z.; YLINEN, T.; ZIEGLER, M.

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/723/2/1082

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The Astrophysical Journal. 2010, vol. 723, p. 1082-1096

American Astronomical Society

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The Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) includes photons with wavelengths from ultraviolet to infrared, which are effective at attenuating gamma rays with energy above ~10 GeV during propagation from sources at cosmological distances. This results in a redshift- and energy-dependent attenuation of the gamma-ray flux of extragalactic sources such as blazars and Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). The Large Area Telescope onboard Fermi detects a sample of gamma-ray blazars with redshift up to z~3, and GRBs with redshift up to z~4.3. Using photons above 10 GeV collected by Fermi over more than one year of observations for these sources, we investigate the effect of gamma-ray flux attenuation by the EBL. We place upper limits on the gamma-ray opacity of the Universe at various energies and redshifts, and compare this with predictions from well-known EBL models. We find that an EBL intensity in the optical-ultraviolet wavelengths as great as predicted by the "baseline" model of Stecker et al. (2006) can be ruled out with high confidence.< Réduire

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diffuse radiation

dust

extinction

gamma rays: general

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Fermi Large Area Telescope Constraints on the Gamma-ray Opacity of the Universe

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