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dc.contributor.advisorHakim, Nader
dc.contributor.authorLLESTA FERRAN, Nicolas
dc.contributor.otherCazals, Géraldine
dc.contributor.otherMonti, Annamaria
dc.contributor.otherSutra, Romy
dc.date2022-12-14
dc.identifier.urihttp://www.theses.fr/2022BORD0382/abes
dc.identifier.uri
dc.identifier.urihttps://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-04055316
dc.identifier.nnt2022BORD0382
dc.description.abstractLa promulgation du Code civil en 1804 n’a pas conduit uniquement à la réorganisation du droit civil français, mais aussi à l’institutionnalisation d’un tout nouvel ordre social. Ses rédacteurs, puis la doctrine du XIXe siècle réalisent, notamment par l’intermédiaire de cette oeuvre, un véritable compromis idéologique entre la pensée révolutionnaire et celle de l’Ancien Régime. Par leurs interprétations, ils mettent fin à la Révolution, tout en sauvegardant de nombreux éléments issus de l’Ancien Régime. C’est ainsi que se côtoient une influence janséniste et un modèle familial traditionnel, avec une perception mécaniciste de l’individu et un jusnaturalisme au spiritualisme éclectique. Il en résulte un discours individualiste juridique moins libéral que disciplinaire ou coercitif, trouvant sa justification dans une théodicée qui tend à faire la promotion d’un nouvel idéaltype individuel, comportemental et moral. Ce nouvel idéaltype nous semble être un témoin clef du combat anthropologique qui se joue tout au long du XIXe siècle : l’idéal individuel et social passe du notable d’inspiration nobiliaire sous l’Empire à un orléanisme à tendance bourgeois sous les régimes suivants, avant de se conclure par l’avènement d’un ordre social pleinement bourgeois qu’à la fin du siècle, pendant la Belle Époque.
dc.description.abstractEnLegal thought in the current historiography has been able to show how the once classic approach of the civilist academicism of the Code of 1804, presenting a flattering image of the human being, is erroneous. The editors, like the French legal doctrine of the 19th century, have long been presented as advocating an optimistic anthropological individualism, whose influence of Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) and liberal ideology is intended to be predominant. However, recent historiography has brought to light another "typical portrait": the influence of Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), of Jansenism and the mechanistic and sensualist perception of the individual from revolutionary times to a less optimistic but more pragmatic, utilitarian, even sometimes pessimistic legal individualism. It then seemed relevant to us to take a closer look at the social order as defended by this less liberal than disciplinary legal individualism, which finds its justification in the ideal-type portrait of the human being conceived by the drafters of the Civil Code and its 19th century interpreters. The events of the Terror and the successive revolutions of the 19th century are not unrelated to this feeling. If the individual is not considered bad by nature, it is because of a theodicy of jusnaturalism inspired by the precepts of the Catholic Church. The law, through the intermediary of political powers, has the mission of training and disciplining the individual in his own interest. The Civil Code sees this responsibility weigh on him, while it shows the ideal behavioral and moral type portrait desired. The political and legal support for this specific social group symbolizes the anthropological struggle which marked the 19th century: evolving from the stage of an order of notables of noble inspiration from the Ancien Régime towards a bourgeois Orleanism – even if it is not a feeling of belonging, nor a class consciousness – the 19th century is that of the ratification of the revolutionary social project of 1789, in favor of a new social elite of inspiration now fully bourgeois.
dc.language.isofr
dc.subjectXIXe siècle
dc.subjectDoctrine
dc.subjectCode civil
dc.subjectPensée juridique
dc.subjectHistoire du droit
dc.subjectCulture juridique
dc.subjectProfesseurs de droit
dc.subjectIndividualisme juridique
dc.subjectOrdre social
dc.subject.enCivil Code
dc.subject.enXIXe century
dc.subject.enDoctrine
dc.subject.enLegal thought
dc.titleLa doctrine du XIXe siècle et l’individualisme juridique : discours des juristes sur l’ordre social contemporain
dc.title.enThe doctrine of the 19th century and legal individualism : discourse of jurists on the contemporary social order
dc.typeThèses de doctorat
bordeaux.hal.laboratoriesInstitut de recherche Montesquieu (Pessac, Gironde)
bordeaux.type.institutionBordeaux
bordeaux.thesis.disciplineHistoire du droit
bordeaux.ecole.doctoraleÉcole doctorale de droit (Pessac, Gironde ; 1991-....)
star.origin.linkhttps://www.theses.fr/2022BORD0382
dc.contributor.rapporteurAudren, Frédéric
dc.contributor.rapporteurGau-Cabée, Caroline
bordeaux.COinSctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.title=La%20doctrine%20du%20XIXe%20si%C3%A8cle%20et%20l%E2%80%99individualisme%20juridique%20:%20discours%20des%20juristes%20sur%20l%E2%80%99ordre%20social%20contemporain&rft.atitle=La%20doctrine%20du%20XIXe%20si%C3%A8cle%20et%20l%E2%80%99individualisme%20juridique%20:%20discours%20des%20juristes%20sur%20l%E2%80%99ordre%20social%20contemporain&rft.au=LLESTA%20FERRAN,%20Nicolas&rft.genre=unknown


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