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Leaf mortality and a dynamic hydraulic safety margin prevent significant stem embolism in the world's top wine regions during drought.

hal.structure.identifierEcophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne [UMR EGFV]
dc.contributor.authorCHARRIER, Guillaume
hal.structure.identifierBiodiversité, Gènes & Communautés [BioGeCo]
dc.contributor.authorDELZON, Sylvain
hal.structure.identifierInteractions Sol Plante Atmosphère [UMR ISPA]
dc.contributor.authorDOMEC, Jean-Christophe
hal.structure.identifierEcophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne [UMR EGFV]
dc.contributor.authorZHANG, Li
hal.structure.identifierSanté et agroécologie du vignoble [UMR SAVE]
dc.contributor.authorDELMAS, Chloé
hal.structure.identifierEcophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne [UMR EGFV]
dc.contributor.authorVAN LEEUWEN, Cornelis
ORCID: 0000-0002-9428-0167
IDREF: 200518208
hal.structure.identifierEcophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne [UMR EGFV]
dc.contributor.authorGAMBETTA, Gregory
ORCID: 0000-0002-8838-5050
IDREF: 225449641
dc.date.issued2017
dc.date.conference2017-09-27
dc.description.abstractEnGrapevine is a crop of global economic importance that faces major challenges, notably through increased drought exposure. In order to maintain or even increase sustainability, it is critical to have a complete and accurate understanding of grapevine’s physiological behavior under drought. Nevertheless, studies report conflicting results regarding variety-specific behaviors. Examining multiple varieties, we utilized a combination of novel approaches to define water stress thresholds for a series of critical variables in maintaining vascular system integrity (water potential and stomatal regulation, stem embolism, leaf mortality, and recovery). We then compared the failure threshold under drought with a long-term field water status survey, across multiple varieties and climate conditions, in two of the world’s top wine regions, Napa and Bordeaux. We simultaneously assessed stomatal behavior in response to decreasing soil water availability and increasing evaporative demand, revealing a complex dynamic that defies the strict anisohydric/isohydric paradigm. Although inter-varietal differences were small, inter-organ and ontogenic differences were much greater, with the pressure inducing 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity Ψ50 decreasing along the growing season: from -2.1MPa in July to -3.2MPa in October. The unrecoverable water potential was observed at ~50% loss of hydraulic conductivity in the stem and ~80% leaf mortality. However, the minimum stem water potentials experienced in the field over the last decade have never passed Ψ50. This large safety margin is facilitated by hydraulic vulnerability segmentation promoting petiole embolism and leaf mortality. The water stress thresholds defined here provide a robust guide for informing viticultural management strategies under drought.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherINRA, Bordeaux(FRA)
dc.subjectConductivité hydraulique
dc.subjectConductance stomatique
dc.subjectXylème
dc.subjectRaisin
dc.subjectEmbolie
dc.subject.enHydraulic Conductivity
dc.subject.enStomatal Conductance
dc.subject.enXylem Embolism
dc.subject.enSafety Margins
dc.subject.enGrapevine
dc.title.enLeaf mortality and a dynamic hydraulic safety margin prevent significant stem embolism in the world's top wine regions during drought.
dc.typeCommunication dans un congrès
dc.subject.halSciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Biologie végétale
bordeaux.conference.title-
bordeaux.countryFR
bordeaux.conference.cityBordeaux
bordeaux.peerReviewedoui
hal.identifierhal-02528118
hal.version1
hal.invitednon
hal.proceedingsnon
hal.popularnon
hal.audienceInternationale
hal.origin.linkhttps://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr//hal-02528118v1
bordeaux.COinSctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.date=2017&rft.au=CHARRIER,%20Guillaume&DELZON,%20Sylvain&DOMEC,%20Jean-Christophe&ZHANG,%20Li&DELMAS,%20Chlo%C3%A9&rft.genre=unknown


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