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Characterisation and OSL dating of mortars from the crypt of saint Seurin basilica in Bordeaux: revealing the history 

hal.structure.identifierIRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie [IRAMAT-CRP2A]
dc.contributor.authorURBANOVÁ, Petra
hal.structure.identifierIRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie [IRAMAT-CRP2A]
dc.contributor.authorCANTIN, Nadia
hal.structure.identifierIRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie [IRAMAT-CRP2A]
dc.contributor.authorGUIBERT, Pierre
hal.structure.identifierAusonius-Institut de recherche sur l'Antiquité et le Moyen âge
dc.contributor.authorMICHEL, Anne
dc.date.issued2016
dc.date.conference2016-10-10
dc.description.abstractEnAs an important cradle of early Christianity in Bordeaux, the Saint Seurin basilica represents a significant monument for the history of the city. The church was constructed on the older remains attributed recently to a Late Antiquity mausoleum [1]. During the archaeological excavations in 2014, nine stratigraphic levels were identified in the crypt. However, since the crypt was subjected to numerous reconstructions, the discontinuity of the stratigraphic levels in many zones complicates the archaeological interpretations and the absence of written sources does not allow clarifying the development of this old structure. Therefore, the archaeometric study of mortars was realized in order to shed light on the complex history of the crypt in the Early Medieval Period.The archaeometric study of mortars had dual objective: first to compare the mortars sampled in different zones and levels of the crypt in order to reveal the extent of different building phases and possibly to identify the changes in preparation technology of mortar, second to date selected mortar samples by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) applying the new methodology by single grain technique recently developed in the Bordeaux laboratory IRAMAT-CRPAA [2].The basic premise in dating of mortar by optically stimulated luminescence is that quartz in the sand used for making mortar is optically zeroed during the preparation process. The moment to be dated is the last exposure of mortar to light, before being embedded within the masonry and hidden from light. Because the quartz in mortars is heterogeneously bleached, every single grain is analysed [3]. For OSL dating application, the individual archaeological doses are measured by OSL on individual quartz grains extracted from the mortar, and the mean annual dose is determined by on-site dosimetry (environmental component of the radioactivity) and by high resolution low back ground gamma spectrometry of natural radio nuclides of te mortar sample (beta and alpha components). In addition to those measurements, the mortar has to be studied by using EDX-SEM cartography, autoradiography beta and ICP-MS in order to evaluate microdosimetric effects at the grain size scale.The characterization of mortars includes the combination of petrographic, mineralogical and chemical analysis in order to distinct the groups of samples corresponding to different building phases and to attempt identifying the provenance of the aggregate [4].The first results indicate the construction of the mausoleum between the half of the 4th and 5th century AD and several reconstructions are emerging between the 5th and the 10th century AD. The paper represents an interdisciplinary approach where physicians, specialists in archaeometry and archaeologists worked in a narrow collaboration contributing to the better understanding of the history of this unique monument.[1] Michel A (2012) Autour de l'identification des mausolées: le cas de Saint-Seurin de Bordeaux. Mausolées & Églises, IVe-VIIIe siècle, Hortus Artium Medievalium, 18/2/2012.[2] Urbanová P, Guibert P (2015) New insights towards the dating of Roman and medieval mortars by Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) : comparison of case studies. Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on Construction History, Chicago, Etats-Unis, 3-7/6/2015, 499-508.[3] Urbanová P, Hourcade D, Ney C, Guibert P (2015) Sources of uncertainties in OSL dating of archaeological mortars: the case study of the Roman amphitheatre Palais-Gallien in Bordeaux. Radiation Measurements, 72: 100-110 [4] Miriello D, Barca D, Bloise A, Ciarallo A, Crisci G, De Rose T, Gattuso C, Gazineo F, La Russa M, (2010a) Characterisation of archaeological mortars from Pompeii (Campania, Italy) and identification of construction phases by compositional data analysis. Journal of Archaeological Science 37: 2207-2223
dc.description.sponsorshipInitiative d'excellence de l'Université de Bordeaux - ANR-10-IDEX-0003
dc.language.isoen
dc.subject.enSaint Seurin Bordeaux
dc.subject.enbuilding archaeology
dc.subject.enMortar dating
dc.subject.enarchaeometry
dc.title.enCharacterisation and OSL dating of mortars from the crypt of saint Seurin basilica in Bordeaux: revealing the history 
dc.typeCommunication dans un congrès avec actes
dc.subject.halSciences de l'Homme et Société
dc.subject.halPhysique [physics]/Matière Condensée [cond-mat]/Science des matériaux [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]
dc.subject.halChimie/Matériaux
dc.subject.halSciences de l'Homme et Société/Archéologie et Préhistoire
dc.subject.halSciences de l'Homme et Société/Architecture, aménagement de l'espace
bordeaux.countryGR
bordeaux.title.proceeding4th Historic Mortars Conference
bordeaux.conference.citySantorin
bordeaux.peerReviewedoui
hal.identifierhal-01735272
hal.version1
hal.origin.linkhttps://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr//hal-01735272v1
bordeaux.COinSctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.date=2016&rft.au=URBANOV%C3%81,%20Petra&CANTIN,%20Nadia&GUIBERT,%20Pierre&MICHEL,%20Anne&rft.genre=proceeding


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