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Evidence for discrete ochre exploitation 35,000 years ago in West Africa

hal.structure.identifierEnvironnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne [EDYTEM]
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire d'archéologie préhistorique et anthropologie
dc.contributor.authorDAYET, Laure
hal.structure.identifierInstitut national de recherches archéologiques préventives [Inrap]
dc.contributor.authorMARTÍNEZ, María Lorenzo
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire d’Archéologie africaine et Anthropologie [ARCAN]
dc.contributor.authorDOUZE, Katja
hal.structure.identifierInstitut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire Cheikh Anta Diop [IFAN]
dc.contributor.authorNDIAYE, Matar
hal.structure.identifierArchéosciences Bordeaux
dc.contributor.authorTRIBOLO, Chantal
hal.structure.identifierARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien [Archéorient]
hal.structure.identifierUniversité Lumière - Lyon 2 [UL2]
dc.contributor.authorRASSE, Michel
hal.structure.identifierUniversité Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Faculté des lettres, langues et sciences humaines [UPEC LLSH]
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels [LGP]
dc.contributor.authorLESPEZ, Laurent
hal.structure.identifierArchéosciences Bordeaux
dc.contributor.authorLE BOURDONNEC, François-Xavier
hal.structure.identifierEberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = University of Tübingen
dc.contributor.authorSCHMID, Viola
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels [LGP]
dc.contributor.authorDAVIDOUX, Sarah
hal.structure.identifierArchéosciences Bordeaux
dc.contributor.authorLEBRUN, Brice
hal.structure.identifierArchéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité [ArScAn]
dc.contributor.authorCHEVRIER, Benoît
hal.structure.identifierInstitut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris [iEES Paris]
dc.contributor.authorPRUVOST, Charlotte
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire Archéologie et Peuplement de l'Afrique (Unité d'Anthropologie) [APA]
dc.contributor.authorHUYSECOM, Eric
dc.date.issued2025-03
dc.identifier.issn0305-4403
dc.description.abstractEnDespite new impetus for Late Pleistocene research in West Africa, little is known about the range of Middle Stone Age behaviours in this region. Yet, the multiplicity of Middle Stone Age lithic technologies testifies to significant behavioural and demographic dynamics, marked by innovation and adaptability. Here, we present the first indepth analysis of ochre remains in West Africa. New data from Toumboura III site, eastern Senegal, dated be­tween 40 ± 3 and 30 ± 3 ka, point towards the use of ochre pieces as part of an occasional and specialized ochre crushing activity, probably dedicated to the production of powders, as well as the use of ochre sticks. Ochre pieces were studied at both macro and microscopic levels and while some of this iron-rich material likely accumulated in the deposits without anthropogenic intervention, another significant set of ochre pieces was found that was likely processed in situ. The impact scars on the pieces are not as striking as grinding traces for evidencing human exploitation. Nonetheless, they cannot be explained by natural phenomena. These remains could represent the earliest known evidence of ochre exploitation in Senegal. They potentially open new per­spectives on symbolic behaviours in the Middle Stone Age of West Africa. They show that the full range of human behaviours in this region is yet far from being captured.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.title.enEvidence for discrete ochre exploitation 35,000 years ago in West Africa
dc.typeArticle de revue
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jas.2024.106150
dc.subject.halSciences de l'environnement
dc.subject.halSciences de l'environnement/Environnement et Société
dc.subject.halSciences de l'environnement/Milieux et Changements globaux
dc.subject.halPlanète et Univers [physics]/Interfaces continentales, environnement
dc.subject.halSciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Biodiversité
dc.subject.halSciences de l'Homme et Société/Archéologie et Préhistoire
dc.subject.halSciences de l'Homme et Société/Etudes de l'environnement
dc.subject.halSciences de l'Homme et Société/Géographie
bordeaux.journalJournal of Archaeological Science
bordeaux.page106150
bordeaux.volume175
bordeaux.peerReviewedoui
hal.identifierhal-04895660
hal.version1
hal.popularnon
hal.audienceInternationale
hal.origin.linkhttps://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr//hal-04895660v1
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