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POPs in free-ranging pilot whales, sperm whales and fin whales from the Mediterranean Sea: Influence of biological and ecological factors

dc.rights.licenseopenen_US
hal.structure.identifierLaboratory of Oceanology, MARE Centre, B6c, University of Liege, B6c, Allée du 6 Août, 4000 Liege, Belgium
dc.contributor.authorPINZONE, Marianna
hal.structure.identifierEnvironnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques [EPOC]
dc.contributor.authorBUDZINSKI, Hélène
ORCID: 0000-0003-1028-9154
IDREF: 070478090
hal.structure.identifierWWF-France, 6 Rue des Fabres, 13001 Marseille France
dc.contributor.authorTASCIOTTI, Aurélie
hal.structure.identifierWWF-France, 6 Rue des Fabres, 13001 Marseille France
dc.contributor.authorODY, Denis
hal.structure.identifierLaboratory of Oceanology, MARE Centre, B6c, University of Liege, B6c, Allée du 6 Août, 4000 Liege, Belgium
dc.contributor.authorLEPOINT, Gilles
hal.structure.identifierLaboratory of Oceanology, MARE Centre, B6c, University of Liege, B6c, Allée du 6 Août, 4000 Liege, Belgium
dc.contributor.authorSCHNITZLER, Joseph
hal.structure.identifierUniversité de Liège
dc.contributor.authorSCHOLL, George
hal.structure.identifierUniversité de Liège
dc.contributor.authorTHOMÉ, Jean-Pierre
hal.structure.identifierEnvironnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques [EPOC]
dc.contributor.authorTAPIE, Nathalie
hal.structure.identifierUniversité de Liège
dc.contributor.authorEPPE, Gauthier
hal.structure.identifierLaboratory of Oceanology, MARE Centre, B6c, University of Liege, B6c, Allée du 6 Août, 4000 Liege, Belgium
dc.contributor.authorDAS, Krishna
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-03T09:53:01Z
dc.date.available2024-06-03T09:53:01Z
dc.date.issued2015-10
dc.identifier.issn0013-9351en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://oskar-bordeaux.fr/handle/20.500.12278/200219
dc.description.abstractEnThe pilot whale Globicephala melas, the sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus, and the fin whale Balaenoptera physalus are large cetaceans permanently inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea. These species are subjected to numerous anthropogenic threats such as exposure to high levels of contaminants. Therefore, selected persistent organic pollutants POPs (29 PCBs, 15 organochlorine compounds, 9 PBDEs and 17 PCDD/Fs) were analysed in blubber biopsies of 49 long-finned pilot whales, 61 sperm whales and 70 fin whales sampled in the North Western Mediterranean Sea (NWMS) from 2006 to 2013. Contamination profile and species feeding ecology were then combined through the use of stable isotopes. δ13C, δ15N values and POPs levels were assessed through IR-MS and GC–MS respectively. To assess the toxic potency of the dioxin-like compounds, the TEQ approach was applied. δ15N values were 12.2±1.3‰ for sperm whales, 10.5±0.7‰ for pilot whales and 7.7±0.8‰ in fin whales, positioning sperm whales at higher trophic levels. δ13C of the two odontocetes was similar and amounted to −17.3±0.4‰ for sperm whales and −17.8±0.3‰ for pilot whales; whilst fin whales were more depleted (−18.7±0.4‰). This indicates a partial overlap in toothed-whales feeding habitats, while confirms the differences in feeding behaviour of the mysticete. Pilot whales presented higher concentrations than sperm whales for ΣPCBs (38,666±25,731 ng g−1 lw and 22,849±15,566 ng g−1 lw respectively), ΣPBDEs (712±412 ng g−1 lw and 347±173 ng g−1 lw respectively) and ΣDDTs (46,081±37,506 ng g−1 lw and 37,647±38,518 ng g−1 lw respectively). Fin whales presented the lowest values, in accordance with its trophic position (ΣPCBs: 5721±5180 ng g−1 lw, ΣPBDEs: 177±208 ng g−1 lw and ΣDDTs: 6643±5549 ng g−1 lw). Each species was characterized by large inter-individual variations that are more related to sex than trophic level, with males presenting higher contaminant burden than females. The discriminant analysis (DA) confirmed how DDTs and highly chlorinated PCBs were influential in differentiating the three species. Pollutant concentrations of our species were significantly higher than both their Southern Hemisphere and North Atlantic counterparts, possibly due to the particular Mediterranean geomorphology, which influences pollutants distribution and recycle. Dioxin-like PCBs accounted for over 80% of the total TEQ. This study demonstrated (1) an important exposure to pollutants of Mediterranean cetaceans, often surpassing the estimated threshold toxicity value of 17,000 ng g−1 lw for blubber in marine mammals; and (2) how the final pollutant burden in these animals is strongly influenced not only by the trophic position but also by numerous other factors such as sex, age, body size and geographical distribution.
dc.language.isoENen_US
dc.subject.enMarine mammals
dc.subject.enStable isotopes
dc.subject.enPersistent organic pollutants
dc.subject.enMediterranean Sea
dc.subject.enToxicity
dc.title.enPOPs in free-ranging pilot whales, sperm whales and fin whales from the Mediterranean Sea: Influence of biological and ecological factors
dc.typeArticle de revueen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.envres.2015.06.021en_US
dc.subject.halSciences de l'environnementen_US
dc.subject.halChimieen_US
bordeaux.journalEnvironmental Researchen_US
bordeaux.page185-196en_US
bordeaux.volume142en_US
bordeaux.hal.laboratoriesEPOC : Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux - UMR 5805en_US
bordeaux.institutionUniversité de Bordeauxen_US
bordeaux.institutionCNRSen_US
bordeaux.teamLPTCen_US
bordeaux.peerReviewedouien_US
bordeaux.inpressnonen_US
bordeaux.import.sourcehal
hal.identifierhal-03159446
hal.version1
hal.popularnonen_US
hal.audienceInternationaleen_US
hal.exportfalse
workflow.import.sourcehal
dc.rights.ccPas de Licence CCen_US
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