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dc.contributor.advisorProfessor Bedr'Eddine Ainseba
dc.contributor.advisorProfessor Michel Langlais
hal.structure.identifierInstitut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux [IMB]
dc.contributor.authorAYOUB, Houssein
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-04T03:18:43Z
dc.date.available2024-04-04T03:18:43Z
dc.identifier.urihttps://oskar-bordeaux.fr/handle/20.500.12278/194437
dc.description.abstractLes lymphocytes T sont une composante essentielle du systeme immunitaire de l'organisme. Ils peuvent reconna^tre et repondre a un antigene etranger en vertu de leur recepteur d'antigene.Dans le cas normal, le renouvellement des cellules T naives est tres faible et ces derniers restent approximativement dans un etat de repos. Cependant, une perturbation de l'equilibre homeostatique peut resulter d'une grande variete de causes (infection virale, ou les traitements de chimiotherapie), et peut entrainer une lymphopenie (i.e. Une carence en lymphocytes T). Dans ces conditions lymphopeniques, les cellules T naives subissent la division cellulaire avec un changement de l'expression de CD44 sur leur surface cellulaire. Ce processus est appele "proliferation homeostatique" ou en anglais "lymphopenia induced proliferation" (LIP). Ainsi, le CD44 est un marqueur naturel qui caracterise la transition des cellules du phenotype naf (CD44-) au phenotype memoire (CD44+) durant LIP.L'objectif de cette these est de comprendre la relation complexe entre LIP et le passage du phenotype naif (CD44-) au phenotype memoire (CD44+) en utilisant des modeles mathematiques et des donnees experimentales. On s'interesse en plus au comportement asymptotique des cellules T durant le processus d'homeostasie in vivo.
dc.description.abstractEnT lymphocytes are a fundamental component of the immune system that can recognise and respond to foreign antigens by virtue of their clonally expressed T cell antigen receptor (TCR). T cells that have yet to encounter the antigen they recognise are termed 'naive' as they have not been activated to respond. Homeostatic mechanisms maintain the number of T cells at an approximately constant level by controling cell division and death. In normal replete hosts, cell turnover within the naive compartment is very low and naive cells are maintained in a resting state.However, disruption of the homeostatic balance can arise from a wide variety of causes (viral infection (e.g. HIV), or drugs used in peritransplant induction therapy or cancer chemotherapy) and can result in T cell deciency or T lymphopenia. Under conditions of T lymphopenia, naive T cells undergo cell division with a subtle change in the cell surface phenotype (CD44 expression), termed homeostatic proliferation or lymphopenia induced proliferation (LIP). In this thesis, our purpose is to understand the process of T cell homeostatic through mathematical approach. Atfirst, we build a new model that describes the proliferation of T cells in vitro under lymphopenic conditions. Our nonlinear model is composed of ordinary dierential equations and partial dierential equations structured by age (maturity of cell) and CD44 expression. To better understand the homeostasis of T cells, we identify the parameters that dene T cell division by using experimental data. Next, we consider an age-structured model system describing the T cell homeostatic in vivo, and we investigate its asymptotic behaviour. Finally, an optimal strategy is applied in thein vivo model to rebuild immunity under conditions of T lympopenia.
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectControle Optimal
dc.subjectComportement Asymptotique
dc.subjectIdentication des Parametres
dc.subjectModelisation Mathematique
dc.subjectAnalyse Numerique
dc.subjectDonnees Experimentales
dc.subject.enMathematical Modeling
dc.subject.enParameter Identication Problem
dc.subject.enAsymptotic Behaviour
dc.subject.enOptimal Control
dc.subject.enExperimental Data
dc.subject.enNumerical Analysis
dc.titleProliferation des Cellules T dans des Conditions Lymphopenique: Modelisation, Estimation des Parametres et Analyse Mathematique
dc.title.enT Cell Proliferation in Lymphopenia Conditions: Modeling, Parameters Estimation and Mathematical Analysis
dc.typeThèses de doctorat
dc.subject.halMathématiques [math]/Equations aux dérivées partielles [math.AP]
dc.subject.halMathématiques [math]/Systèmes dynamiques [math.DS]
dc.subject.halMathématiques [math]/Optimisation et contrôle [math.OC]
dc.subject.halSciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Immunologie
bordeaux.hal.laboratoriesInstitut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux (IMB) - UMR 5251*
bordeaux.institutionUniversité de Bordeaux
bordeaux.institutionBordeaux INP
bordeaux.institutionCNRS
bordeaux.type.institutionUniversite de Bordeaux
hal.identifiertel-01136841
hal.version1
hal.origin.linkhttps://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr//tel-01136841v1
bordeaux.COinSctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.title=Proliferation%20des%20Cellules%20T%20dans%20des%20Conditions%20Lymphopenique:%20Modelisation,%20Estimation%20des%20Parametres%20et%20Analyse%20Mathematique&rft.atitle=Proliferation%20des%20Cellules%20T%20dans%20des%20Conditions%20Lymphopenique:%20Modelisation,%20Estimation%20des%20Parametres%20et%20Analyse%20Mathematique&rft.au=AYOUB,%20Houssein&rft.genre=unknown


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