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Ice-age climate adaptations trap the alpine marmot in a state of low genetic diversity

hal.structure.identifierDepartment of Animal and Plant Sciences
hal.structure.identifierUniversität Bielefeld = Bielefeld University
dc.contributor.authorGOSSMANN, Toni I.
hal.structure.identifierThe Francis Crick Institute [London]
hal.structure.identifierUniversity of Liverpool
dc.contributor.authorSHANMUGASUNDRAM, Achchuthan
hal.structure.identifierMax Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics [MPIMG]
dc.contributor.authorBÖRNO, Stefan
hal.structure.identifierBiodiversité, Gènes & Communautés [BioGeCo]
hal.structure.identifierInstitut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences [IRHS]
dc.contributor.authorDUVAUX, Ludovic
hal.structure.identifierInstitut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences [IRHS]
dc.contributor.authorLEMAIRE, Christophe
hal.structure.identifierMax Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics [MPIMG]
hal.structure.identifierDepartment of Ecophysiology and Aquaculture
dc.contributor.authorKUHL, Heiner
hal.structure.identifierMax Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics [MPIMG]
dc.contributor.authorKLAGES, Sven
hal.structure.identifierUniversity of Cambridge [UK] [CAM]
hal.structure.identifierUniversity of Leeds
dc.contributor.authorROBERTS, Lee D.
hal.structure.identifierMax Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics [MPIMG]
dc.contributor.authorSCHADE, Sophia
hal.structure.identifierLeopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck
dc.contributor.authorGOSTNER, Johanna M.
hal.structure.identifierEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory [EMBL]
hal.structure.identifierEarlham Institute
dc.contributor.authorHILDEBRAND, Falk
hal.structure.identifierUniversity of Cambridge [UK] [CAM]
dc.contributor.authorVOWINCKEL, Jakob
hal.structure.identifierInstitute of Avian Research
dc.contributor.authorBICHET, Coraline
hal.structure.identifierUniversity of Cambridge [UK] [CAM]
hal.structure.identifierDepartment of Biochemistry
dc.contributor.authorMÜLLEDER, Michael
hal.structure.identifierThe Francis Crick Institute [London]
hal.structure.identifierUniversity of Cambridge [UK] [CAM]
dc.contributor.authorCALVANI, Enrica
hal.structure.identifierThe Francis Crick Institute [London]
hal.structure.identifierChalmers University of Technology [Gothenburg, Sweden]
dc.contributor.authorZELEZNIAK, Aleksej
hal.structure.identifierUniversity of Cambridge [UK] [CAM]
dc.contributor.authorGRIFFIN, Julian L.
hal.structure.identifierEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory [EMBL]
hal.structure.identifierMax Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine
dc.contributor.authorBORK, Peer
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 [LBBE]
dc.contributor.authorALLAINÉ, Dominique
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 [LBBE]
dc.contributor.authorCOHAS, Aurélie
hal.structure.identifierDepartment of Genetics
dc.contributor.authorWELCH, John J.
hal.structure.identifierMax Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics [MPIMG]
dc.contributor.authorTIMMERMANN, Bernd
hal.structure.identifierMax Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics [MPIMG]
dc.contributor.authorRALSER, Markus
dc.date.issued2019
dc.identifier.issn0960-9822
dc.description.abstractEnSome species responded successfully to prehistoric changes in climate [1,2], while others failed to adapt and became extinct [3]. The factors that determine successful climate adaptation remain poorly understood. We constructed a reference genome and studied physiological adaptations in the Alpine marmot (Marmota marmota), a large ground-dwelling squirrel exquisitely adapted to the "ice-age" climate of the Pleistocene steppe [4,5]. Since the disappearance of this habitat, the rodent persists in large numbers in the high-altitude Alpine meadow [6,7]. Genome and metabolome showed evidence of adaptation consistent with cold climate, affecting white adipose tissue. Conversely, however, we found that the Alpine marmot has levels of genetic variation that are among the lowest for mammals, such that deleterious mutations are less effectively purged. Our data rule out typical explanations for low diversity, such as high levels of consanguineous mating, or a very recent bottleneck. Instead, ancient demographic reconstruction revealed that genetic diversity was lost during the climate shifts of the Pleistocene and has not recovered, despite the current high population size. We attribute this slow recovery to the marmot's adaptive life history. The case of the Alpine marmot reveals a complicated relationship between climatic changes, genetic diversity, and conservation status. It shows that species of extremely low genetic diversity can be very successful and persist over thousands of years, but also that climate-adapted life history can trap a species in a persistent state of low genetic diversity.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.title.enIce-age climate adaptations trap the alpine marmot in a state of low genetic diversity
dc.typeArticle de revue
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.cub.2019.04.020
dc.subject.halSciences du Vivant [q-bio]
dc.subject.halSciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Biologie végétale
dc.subject.halSciences de l'environnement
bordeaux.journalCurrent Biology - CB
bordeaux.page1712-1720
bordeaux.volume29
bordeaux.issue10
bordeaux.peerReviewedoui
hal.identifierhal-02628739
hal.version1
hal.popularnon
hal.audienceInternationale
hal.origin.linkhttps://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr//hal-02628739v1
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