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How reliable are methods to assess xylem vulnerability to cavitation? The issue of ‘open vessel’ artifact in oaks

hal.structure.identifierCentre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive [CEFE]
dc.contributor.authorMARTIN-STPAUL, Nicolas
hal.structure.identifierCentre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive [CEFE]
dc.contributor.authorLONGEPIERRE, Damien
hal.structure.identifierEcologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes [URFM]
dc.contributor.authorHUC, Roland
hal.structure.identifierBiodiversité, Gènes & Communautés [BioGeCo]
dc.contributor.authorDELZON, Sylvain
hal.structure.identifierBiodiversité, Gènes & Communautés [BioGeCo]
dc.contributor.authorBURLETT, Régis
hal.structure.identifierCentre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive [CEFE]
dc.contributor.authorJOFFRE, R.
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier [PIAF]
dc.contributor.authorRAMBAL, Serge
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier [PIAF]
dc.contributor.authorCOCHARD, Hervé
dc.date.issued2014
dc.identifier.issn0829-318X
dc.description.abstractEnThree methods are in widespread use to build vulnerability curves (VCs) to cavitation. The bench drying (BD) method is considered as a reference because embolism and xylem pressure are measured on large branches dehydrating in the air, in conditions similar to what happens in nature. Two other methods of embolism induction have been increasingly used. While the Cavitron (CA) uses centrifugal force to induce embolism, in the air injection (AI) method embolism is induced by forcing pressurized air to enter a stem segment. Recent studies have suggested that the AI and CA methods are inappropriate in long-vesselled species because they produce a very high-threshold xylem pressure for embolism (e.g., P50) compared with what is expected from (i) their ecophysiology in the field (native embolism, water potential and stomatal response to xylem pressure) and (ii) the P50 obtained with the BD method. However, other authors have argued that the CA and AI methods may be valid because they produce VCs similar to the BD method. In order to clarify this issue, we assessed VCs with the three above-mentioned methods on the long-vesselled Quercus ilex L. We showed that the BD VC yielded threshold xylem pressure for embolism consistent with in situ measurements of native embolism, minimal water potential and stomatal conductance. We therefore concluded that the BD method provides a reliable estimate of the VC for this species. The CA method produced a very high P50 (i.e., less negative) compared with the BD method, which is consistent with an artifact related to the vessel length. The VCs obtained with the AI method were highly variable, producing P50 ranging from −2 to −8.2 MPa. This wide variability was more related to differences in base diameter among samples than to differences in the length of samples. We concluded that this method is probably subject to an artifact linked to the distribution of vessel lengths within the sample. Overall, our results indicate that the CA and the AI should be used with extreme caution on long-vesselled species. Our results also highlight that several criteria may be helpful to assess the validity of a VC.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherOxford University Press (OUP)
dc.subjectplant hydraulics
dc.subject.endrought
dc.subject.enmediterranean tree
dc.subject.enmethodology
dc.subject.enplant water transport
dc.subject.envessel length artifact
dc.subject.enwater relations
dc.title.enHow reliable are methods to assess xylem vulnerability to cavitation? The issue of ‘open vessel’ artifact in oaks
dc.typeArticle de revue
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/treephys/tpu059
dc.subject.halSciences du Vivant [q-bio]
dc.subject.halSciences de l'environnement
dc.description.sponsorshipEuropeForest fires under climate, social and economic changes in Europe, the Mediterranean and other fire-affected areas of the world
bordeaux.journalTree Physiology
bordeaux.page894-905
bordeaux.volume34
bordeaux.issue8
bordeaux.peerReviewedoui
hal.identifierhal-02636079
hal.version1
hal.popularnon
hal.audienceInternationale
hal.origin.linkhttps://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr//hal-02636079v1
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