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Living on the edge: timing of Rand Flora disjunctions congruent with ongoing aridification in Africa

hal.structure.identifierReal Jardín Botánico de Madrid [RJB]
dc.contributor.authorPOKORNY, Lisa
hal.structure.identifierReal Jardín Botánico de Madrid [RJB]
dc.contributor.authorRIINA, Ricarda
hal.structure.identifierReal Jardín Botánico de Madrid [RJB]
dc.contributor.authorMAIRAL, Mario
hal.structure.identifierCentre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations [UMR CBGP]
dc.contributor.authorMESEGUER, Andrea S.
hal.structure.identifierReal Jardín Botánico de Madrid [RJB]
dc.contributor.authorCULSHAW, Victoria
hal.structure.identifierReal Jardín Botánico de Madrid [RJB]
dc.contributor.authorCENDOYA, Jon
hal.structure.identifierUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] [USC ]
dc.contributor.authorSERRANO, Miguel
hal.structure.identifierUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] [USC ]
dc.contributor.authorCARBAJAL, Rodrigo
hal.structure.identifierUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] [USC ]
dc.contributor.authorORTIZ, Santiago
hal.structure.identifierCentro de Investigacion Forestal [INIA-CIFOR]
hal.structure.identifierBiodiversité, Gènes & Communautés [BioGeCo]
dc.contributor.authorHEUERTZ, Myriam
hal.structure.identifierReal Jardín Botánico de Madrid [RJB]
dc.contributor.authorSANMARTIN, Isabel
dc.date.issued2015-05-01
dc.identifier.issn1664-8021
dc.description.abstractEnThe Rand Flora is a well-known floristic pattern in which unrelated plant lineages show similar disjunct distributions in the continental margins of Africa and adjacent islands-Macaronesia-northwest Africa, Horn of Africa-Southern Arabia, Eastern Africa, and Southern Africa. These lineages are now separated by environmental barriers such as the arid regions of the Sahara and Kalahari Deserts or the tropical lowlands of Central Africa. Alternative explanations for the Rand Flora pattern range from vicariance and climate-driven extinction of a widespread pan-African flora to independent dispersal events and speciation in situ. To provide a temporal framework for this pattern, we used published data from nuclear and chloroplast DNA to estimate the age of disjunction of 17 lineages that span 12 families and nine orders of angiosperms. We further used these estimates to infer diversification rates for Rand Flora disjunct clades in relation to their higher-level encompassing lineages. Our results indicate that most disjunctions fall within the Miocene and Pliocene periods, coinciding with the onset of a major aridification trend, still ongoing, in Africa. Age of disjunctions seemed to be related to the climatic affinities of each Rand Flora lineage, with sub-humid taxa dated earlier (e.g., Sideroxylon) and those with more xeric affinities (e.g., Campylanthus) diverging later. We did not find support for significant decreases in diversification rates in most groups, with the exception of older subtropical lineages (e.g., Sideroxylon, Hypericum, or Canarina), but some lineages (e.g., Cicer, Campylanthus) showed a long temporal gap between stem and crown ages, suggestive of extinction. In all, the Rand Flora pattern seems to fit the definition of biogeographic pseudocongruence, with the pattern arising at different times in response to the increasing aridity of the African continent, with interspersed periods of humidity allowing range expansions.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherFrontiers Media
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
dc.subjectAfrica
dc.subjectRand Flora
dc.subjectdiversification rates
dc.subject.enclimate change
dc.subject.enhistorical biogeography
dc.subject.enlong-distance dispersal
dc.subject.envicariance
dc.title.enLiving on the edge: timing of Rand Flora disjunctions congruent with ongoing aridification in Africa
dc.typeArticle de revue
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fgene.2015.00154
dc.subject.halSciences du Vivant [q-bio]
bordeaux.journalFrontiers in Genetics
bordeaux.page154
bordeaux.volume6
bordeaux.peerReviewedoui
hal.identifierhal-02640174
hal.version1
hal.popularnon
hal.audienceInternationale
hal.origin.linkhttps://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr//hal-02640174v1
bordeaux.COinSctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Frontiers%20in%20Genetics&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.volume=6&rft.spage=154&rft.epage=154&rft.eissn=1664-8021&rft.issn=1664-8021&rft.au=POKORNY,%20Lisa&RIINA,%20Ricarda&MAIRAL,%20Mario&MESEGUER,%20Andrea%20S.&CULSHAW,%20Victoria&rft.genre=article


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