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Formation and characterization of emulsions consisting of dense carbon dioxide and water: Ultrasound

hal.structure.identifierDepartment of Chemical Engineering
dc.contributor.authorTIMKO, Michael T.
hal.structure.identifierInstitut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux [ICMCB]
dc.contributor.authorMARRE, Samuel
hal.structure.identifierDepartment of Chemical Engineering
dc.contributor.authorMAAG, Alex R.
dc.date.issued2016
dc.identifier.issn0896-8446
dc.description.abstractEnIn this work, we studied ultrasound formation of surfactant-free emulsions consisting of water and dense carbon dioxide (CO2). Emulsions with limited kinetic stability were formed after approximately 2 min of pulsed ultrasound at 20 kHz and above a critical power density of at least 0.05 W cm−3. Emulsion stability and formation were studied using a variety of techniques. In situ microscopy using a high-pressure microfluidic reactor indicated that the water/CO2 emulsion consisted of finer droplets of about 5 μm compared to the CO2/water emulsion which consisted of droplets with average diameters of about 12 μm. A partially miscible tracer technique was used to measure the dispersed phase content of the two emulsions to be about 4 vol% and up to 9 vol% for the CO2/water and water/CO2 emulsions, respectively. Engineering analysis and complementary experiments indicated that the water/CO2 emulsions formed via a two-step mechanism consisting of surface wave break-up to form a coarse emulsion followed by cavitation to form a fine emulsion. We use KI oxidation as a probe reaction to examine ultrasound-induced chemistry in the dense CO2/water system, finding that KI oxidation was suppressed by the presence of a high pressure CO2 phase. Through the combination of formation, stability, and KI oxidation experiments and analyses, we suggest that the dense CO2 cushioned cavitation bubble collapse, damping ultrasound chemical effects while permitting physical effects such as emulsification. Engineering analysis suggests energy efficient scale-up might be achieved in a carefully designed flow reactor.
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.subject.enSupercritical carbon dioxide
dc.subject.enUltrasound
dc.subject.enEmulsion
dc.subject.enCavitation
dc.title.enFormation and characterization of emulsions consisting of dense carbon dioxide and water: Ultrasound
dc.typeArticle de revue
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.supflu.2015.10.028
dc.subject.halChimie/Chimie théorique et/ou physique
bordeaux.journalJournal of Supercritical Fluids
bordeaux.page51-60
bordeaux.volume109
bordeaux.peerReviewedoui
hal.identifierhal-01254587
hal.version1
hal.popularnon
hal.audienceInternationale
hal.origin.linkhttps://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr//hal-01254587v1
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