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“What’s in the middle”: Scratching beneath the surface of the middle class(es) in Brazil, Côte d’Ivoire, Turkey and Vietnam

dc.rights.licenseopenen_US
hal.structure.identifierBordeaux Sciences Economiques [BSE]
dc.contributor.authorCLÉMENT, Matthieu
hal.structure.identifierBordeaux Sciences Economiques [BSE]
dc.contributor.authorROUGIER, Eric
IDREF: 066908264
hal.structure.identifierLes Afriques dans le monde [LAM]
dc.contributor.authorBERROU, Jean-Philippe
hal.structure.identifierBordeaux Sciences Economiques [BSE]
dc.contributor.authorCOMBARNOUS, François
hal.structure.identifierLes Afriques dans le monde [LAM]
dc.contributor.authorDARBON, Dominique
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-08T15:14:38Z
dc.date.available2022-09-08T15:14:38Z
dc.date.issued2022-10
dc.identifier.issn0305-750Xen_US
dc.identifier.urioai:crossref.org:10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.105988
dc.identifier.urihttps://oskar-bordeaux.fr/handle/20.500.12278/142265
dc.description.abstractEnThe term “middle class” is increasingly used to qualify the mass of people in developing countries who are neither poor nor rich and share consumption patterns historically associated with the western middle class. However, what differentiates them from the ideal-typical middle class, as well as the extent to which emerging middle classes differ across developing countries, has only been marginally documented by economists to date. This article proposes to scratch beneath the surface of the so-called middle-class that is burgeoning in developing countries by documenting the commonalities and differences hidden by the all-encompassing term of “middle class” for a set of developing countries exhibiting different levels of income, economic structures and socio-political systems: Brazil, Côte d’Ivoire, Turkey and Vietnam. Relying on quantitative and qualitative micro-economic data, our paper compares the objective characteristics (occupation, education, income), behavior and subjective expectations of the people standing in the middle of the income distribution in the four countries. Four main research questions structure the paper. Where is the middle? How is the middle specific? Who is in the middle? What does the middle aspire to? Results show that the middle-income group in each country covers distinct realities. Although some similar characteristics and behaviors are observable, our results reveal a strong heterogeneity within each national middle class, with no fewer than four to seven socio-economic subgroups, and strong country-specific traits as most of the subgroups are deeply rooted in the country’s specific historical trajectory. In each country, our analysis also unveils a pattern of bipolarization between a rather affluent and stable middle class and a “new” or more vulnerable one. Finally, middle class members appear to be characterized by an individualist positioning and the absence of a marked political commitment, challenging the common assumption that developing countries’ middle classes are agents of political change.
dc.language.isoENen_US
dc.sourcecrossref
dc.subject.enSocial stratification
dc.subject.enIncome distribution
dc.subject.enMiddle class
dc.subject.enClustering
dc.subject.enQualitative surveys
dc.title.en“What’s in the middle”: Scratching beneath the surface of the middle class(es) in Brazil, Côte d’Ivoire, Turkey and Vietnam
dc.typeArticle de revueen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.105988en_US
dc.subject.halÉconomie et finance quantitative [q-fin]en_US
bordeaux.journalWorld Developmenten_US
bordeaux.page105988en_US
bordeaux.volume158en_US
bordeaux.hal.laboratoriesBordeaux Sciences Economiques / Bordeaux School of Economics -BSE) - UMR 6060en_US
bordeaux.institutionUniversité de Bordeauxen_US
bordeaux.institutionCNRSen_US
bordeaux.peerReviewedouien_US
bordeaux.inpressnonen_US
bordeaux.import.sourcedissemin
hal.identifierhal-03773056
hal.version1
hal.date.transferred2022-09-08T15:14:40Z
hal.exporttrue
workflow.import.sourcedissemin
dc.rights.ccPas de Licence CCen_US
bordeaux.COinSctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=World%20Development&rft.date=2022-10&rft.volume=158&rft.spage=105988&rft.epage=105988&rft.eissn=0305-750X&rft.issn=0305-750X&rft.au=CL%C3%89MENT,%20Matthieu&ROUGIER,%20Eric&BERROU,%20Jean-Philippe&COMBARNOUS,%20Fran%C3%A7ois&DARBON,%20Dominique&rft.genre=article


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