POETTE, Christopher; GARDINER, Barry; DUPONT, Sylvain; HARMAN, Ian; BÖHM, Margi; FINNIGAN, John; HUGHES, Dale; BRUNET, Yves

doi:10.1007/s10546-017-0238-1

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POETTE, Christopher
Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère [UMR ISPA]

GARDINER, Barry
Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère [UMR ISPA]

DUPONT, Sylvain
Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère [UMR ISPA]

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Boundary-Layer Meteorology. 2017, vol. 163, n° 3, p. 393-421

Springer Verlag

Résumé en anglais

Landscape discontinuities such as forest edges play an important role in determining the characteristics of the atmospheric flow by generating increased turbulence and triggering the formation of coherent tree-scale structures. In a fragmented landscape, consisting of surfaces of different heights and roughness, the multiplicity of edges may lead to complex patterns of flow and turbulence that are potentially difficult to predict. Here, we investigate the effects of different levels of forest fragmentation on the airflow. Five gap spacings (of length approximately 5h, 10h, 15h, 20h, 30h, where h is the canopy height) between forest blocks of length 8.7h, as well as a reference case consisting of a continuous forest after a single edge, were investigated in a wind tunnel. The results reveal a consistent pattern downstream from the first edge of each simulated case, with the streamwise velocity component at tree top increasing and turbulent kinetic energy decreasing as gap size increases, but with overshoots in shear stress and turbulent kinetic energy observed at the forest edges. As the gap spacing increases, the flow appears to change monotonically from a flow over a single edge to a flow over isolated forest blocks. The apparent roughness of the different fragmented configurations also decreases with increasing gap size. No overall enhancement of turbulence is observed at any particular level of fragmentation.< Réduire

Mots clés

flux atmosphérique

turbulence atmosphérique

fragmentation du paysage

Mots clés en anglais

boundary layer

edge flow

fragmented landscape

turbulent flow

wind tunnel

atmospheric turbulence

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The impact of landscape fragmentation on atmospheric flow: a wind-tunnel study

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