SCHMITT, A.; VALLET, P.; MELE, D.; ROSTICHER, M.; TANIGUCHI, T.; WATANABE, K.; BOCQUILLON, E.; FÈVE, G.; BERROIR, Jean-Marc; VOISIN, C.; CAYSSOL, J.; GOERBIG, M.; TROOST, J.; BAUDIN, E.; PLAÇAIS, Bernard

doi:10.1038/s41567-023-01978-9

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SCHMITT, A.
Physique Mésoscopique

VALLET, P.
Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine [LOMA]

MELE, D.
Physique Mésoscopique
Physique - IEMN [PHYSIQUE - IEMN]
Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 [IEMN]

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Article de revue

Ce document a été publié dans

Nature Physics. 2023-06, vol. 19, n° 6, p. 830-835

Nature Publishing Group

Résumé en anglais

Strong electric field annihilation by particle–antiparticle pair creation, also known as the Schwinger effect, is a non-perturbative prediction of quantum electrodynamics. Its experimental demonstration remains elusive, as threshold electric fields are extremely strong and beyond current reach. Here, we propose a mesoscopic variant of the Schwinger effect in graphene, which hosts Dirac fermions with an approximate electron–hole symmetry. Using transport measurements, we report on universal one-dimensional Schwinger conductance at the pinchoff of ballistic graphene transistors. Strong pinchoff electric fields are concentrated within approximately 1 μm of the transistor’s drain and induce Schwinger electron–hole pair creation at saturation. This effect precedes a collective instability towards an ohmic Zener regime, which is rejected at twice the pinchoff voltage in long devices. These observations advance our understanding of current saturation limits in ballistic graphene and provide a direction for further quantum electrodynamic experiments in the laboratory.< Réduire

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-01978-9

Projet Européen

Graphene Flagship Core Project 3

Project ANR

University of Bordeaux Graduate Scholl in Light Sciences & Technologies

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Importé de hal

Unités de recherche

Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine (LOMA) - UMR 5798