Stress, adolescence, and sex dimorphism
Language
EN
Article de revue
This item was published in
Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research. 2022-12, vol. 27
English Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that adolescence is a period of intense brain plasticity rendering this developmental stage vulnerable to the deleterious effects of stress on mental health. Stress-sensitive brain regions, ...Read more >
Recent studies have revealed that adolescence is a period of intense brain plasticity rendering this developmental stage vulnerable to the deleterious effects of stress on mental health. Stress-sensitive brain regions, involved in cognitive and affective processes, are actively developing during this period, through synaptic pruning, myelination, and connectivity between each other. Specific stress reactivity in adolescence may result from the programming effect of previous early life adversities or from exposure to stressors incurred during the peri-adolescent period. In each case, the outcomes are often sex-specific due to difference in genes present on sex chromosomes, sex-specific parent-of-origin gene expression as well as the influence of gonadal hormones that impact brain maturation during development and around puberty. Misreporting of sex dimorphism still exist and need to be solved by better training. More longitudinal clinical analyses are awaited to separate the effect of cumulative stress to the ones occurring specifically at adolescence. © 2022 Elsevier LtdRead less <
English Keywords
Glucocorticoids
Adversity
Synaptic pruning
Myelin
Gender
Puberty
ANR Project
Mémoire des Adolescents Obeses: Influences des Rythmes circadiens - ANR-21-CE14-0086