Effector polymorphisms of the sunflower downy mildew pathogen <em>Plasmopara Halstedii</em> and their use to identify pathotypes from field isolates
BORDAT, Amandine
Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes [LIPM]
Biologie du fruit et pathologie [BFP]
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Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes [LIPM]
Biologie du fruit et pathologie [BFP]
BORDAT, Amandine
Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes [LIPM]
Biologie du fruit et pathologie [BFP]
< Leer menos
Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes [LIPM]
Biologie du fruit et pathologie [BFP]
Idioma
en
Article de revue
Este ítem está publicado en
PLoS ONE. 2016, vol. 11, n° 2, p. 1-19
Public Library of Science
Resumen en inglés
The obligate biotroph oomycete Plasmopara halstedii causes downy mildew on sunflower crop, Helianthus annuus. The breakdown of several Pl resistance genes used in sunflower hybrids over the last 25 years came along with ...Leer más >
The obligate biotroph oomycete Plasmopara halstedii causes downy mildew on sunflower crop, Helianthus annuus. The breakdown of several Pl resistance genes used in sunflower hybrids over the last 25 years came along with the appearance of new Pl. halstedii isolates showing modified virulence profiles. In oomycetes, two classes of effector proteins, key players of pathogen virulence, are translocated into the host: RXLR and CRN effectors. We identified 54 putative CRN or RXLR effector genes from transcriptomic data and analyzed their genetic diversity in seven Pl. halstedii pathotypes representative of the species variability. Pl. halstedii effector genes were on average more polymorphic at both the nucleic and protein levels than random non-effector genes, suggesting a potential adaptive dynamics of pathogen virulence over the last 25 years. Twenty-two KASP (Competitive Allele Specific PCR) markers designed on polymorphic effector genes were genotyped on 35 isolates belonging to 14 Pl. halstedii pathotypes. Polymorphism analysis based on eight KASP markers aims at proposing a determination key suitable to classify the eight multi-isolate pathotypes into six groups. This is the first report of a molecular marker set able to discriminate Pl. halstedii pathotypes based on the polymorphism of pathogenicity effectors. Compared to phenotypic tests handling living spores used until now to discriminate Pl. halstedii pathotypes, this set of molecular markers constitutes a first step in faster pathotype diagnosis of Pl. halstedii isolates. Hence, emerging sunflower downy mildew isolates could be more rapidly characterized and thus, assessment of plant resistance breakdown under field conditions should be improved.< Leer menos
Palabras clave
Rxlr effectors
Evolution
Palabras clave en inglés
Single nucleotide polymorphisms
Helianthus-annuus L
Phytophthora-infestans
Disease resistance
Multiple introductions
Oomycete effectors
Sequence
Virulence
Proyecto ANR
Université Fédérale de Toulouse - ANR-11-IDEX-0002
Orígen
Importado de HalCentros de investigación