YANG, Ming; DEFOSSEZ, Pauline; DANJON, Frederic; DUPONT, Sylvain; FOURCAUD, Thierry

doi:10.1007/s11104-016-2992-0

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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/

YANG, Ming
Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère [UMR ISPA]

DEFOSSEZ, Pauline
Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère [UMR ISPA]

DANJON, Frederic
Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés [BioGeCo]

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Ce document a été publié dans

Plant and Soil. 2017, vol. 411, n° 1, p. 275–291

Springer Verlag

Résumé en anglais

Background and Aims: Root anchorage function is crucial for tree survival as most trees are exposed to recurrent wind throughout their lifespan. Trees exhibit a large variability of root system architecture (RSA) due genetic and environmental factors. This study aims to understand the links between RSA and tree stability.Methods: A 3D biomechanical model was used to simulate tree overturning. To capture the variability of sinker RSA, fourteen virtual root patterns were created from an ensemble average of measured Pinus pinaster root systems. Root virtual patterns and tree-pulling simulations were verified against experimental data.Results: The model predicts realistic tree anchorage strength, root stress, and failure patterns. Only a few root components contribute significantly to anchorage strength. The taproot contributes the most to anchorage rigidity, representing 61 % of the anchorage strength. The windward roots failure drives ultimate anchorage failure, representing 25 % of the anchorage strength. Simulations show that root secondary thickening induces higher anchorage rigidity and increases anchorage strength by 58 %.Conclusions: This innovative approach appears promising for describing tree stability and its acclimation to external constraints.< Réduire

Mots clés

système racinaire

arbre forestier

modèle 3D

modèle biomécanique

contrainte

stabilité de l'arbre

ancrage racinaire

pinus pinaster

Mots clés en anglais

root systems

numerical modelling

three dimensional model

maritime pine

forest tree

failure patterns

root system architecture

root anchorage

root stress