ZARRILLO, Sonia; GAIKWAD, Nilesh; LANAUD, Claire; POWIS, Terry; VIOT, Christopher; LESUR, Isabelle; FOUET, Olivier; ARGOUT, Xavier; GUICHOUX, Erwan; SALIN, Franck; SOLORZANO, Rey Loor; BOUCHEZ, Olivier; VIGNES, Hélène; SEVERTS, Patrick; HURTADO, Julio; YEPEZ, Alexandra; GRIVETTI, Louis; BLAKE, Michael; VALDEZ, Francisco

doi:10.1038/s41559-018-0697-x

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ZARRILLO, Sonia
University of Calgary
University of British Columbia [Canada] [UBC]

GAIKWAD, Nilesh
University of California [Davis] [UC Davis]
Gaikwad Steroidomics Laboratory

LANAUD, Claire
Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales [UMR AGAP]

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Article de revue

Ce document a été publié dans

Nature Ecology & Evolution. 2018, vol. 2, n° 12, p. 1879-1888

Nature

Résumé en anglais

Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is an important economic crop, yet studies of its domestication history and early uses are limited. Traditionally, cacao is thought to have been first domesticated in Mesoamerica. However, genomic research shows that T. cacao’s greatest diversity is in the upper Amazon region of northwest South America, pointing to this region as its centre of origin. Here, we report cacao use identified by three independent lines of archaeological evidence—cacao starch grains, absorbed theobromine residues and ancient DNA—dating from approximately 5,300 years ago recovered from the Santa Ana-La Florida (SALF) site in southeast Ecuador. To our knowledge, these findings constitute the earliest evidence of T. cacao use in the Americas and the first unequivocal archaeological example of its pre-Columbian use in South America. They also reveal the upper Amazon region as the oldest centre of cacao domestication yet identified.< Réduire

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0697-x

Project ANR

Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development

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Unités de recherche

BioGeCo (Biodiversité Gènes & Communautés) - UMR 1202