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The Spectrum and Morphology of the $Fermi$ Bubbles

dc.contributor.authorACKERMANN, M.
dc.contributor.authorALBERT, A.
dc.contributor.authorATWOOD, W.B.
dc.contributor.authorBALDINI, L.
hal.structure.identifierAstrophysique Interprétation Modélisation [AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)]
dc.contributor.authorBALLET, J.
dc.contributor.authorBARBIELLINI, G.
dc.contributor.authorBASTIERI, D.
dc.contributor.authorBELLAZZINI, R.
dc.contributor.authorBISSALDI, E.
dc.contributor.authorBLANDFORD, R.D.
dc.contributor.authorBLOOM, E.D.
dc.contributor.authorBOTTACINI, E.
dc.contributor.authorBRANDT, T.J.
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier [LUPM]
dc.contributor.authorBREGEON, J.
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire Leprince-Ringuet [LLR]
dc.contributor.authorBRUEL, P.
dc.contributor.authorBUEHLER, R.
dc.contributor.authorBUSON, S.
dc.contributor.authorCALIANDRO, G.A.
dc.contributor.authorCAMERON, R.A.
dc.contributor.authorCARAGIULO, M.
dc.contributor.authorCARAVEO, P.A.
dc.contributor.authorCAVAZZUTI, E.
dc.contributor.authorCECCHI, C.
dc.contributor.authorCHARLES, E.
dc.contributor.authorCHEKHTMAN, A.
dc.contributor.authorCHIANG, J.
dc.contributor.authorCHIARO, G.
dc.contributor.authorCIPRINI, S.
dc.contributor.authorCLAUS, R.
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier [LUPM]
dc.contributor.authorCOHEN-TANUGI, Johann
dc.contributor.authorCONRAD, J.
dc.contributor.authorCUTINI, S.
dc.contributor.authorD'AMMANDO, F.
dc.contributor.authorDE ANGELIS, A.
dc.contributor.authorDE PALMA, F.
dc.contributor.authorDERMER, C.D.
dc.contributor.authorDIGEL, S.W.
dc.contributor.authorDI VENERE, L.
dc.contributor.authorDO COUTO E SILVA, E.
dc.contributor.authorDRELL, P.S.
dc.contributor.authorFAVUZZI, C.
dc.contributor.authorFERRARA, E.C.
dc.contributor.authorFOCKE, W.B.
dc.contributor.authorFRANCKOWIAK, A.
dc.contributor.authorFUKAZAWA, Y.
dc.contributor.authorFUNK, S.
dc.contributor.authorFUSCO, P.
dc.contributor.authorGARGANO, F.
dc.contributor.authorGASPARRINI, D.
dc.contributor.authorGERMANI, S.
dc.contributor.authorGIGLIETTO, N.
dc.contributor.authorGIORDANO, F.
dc.contributor.authorGIROLETTI, M.
dc.contributor.authorGODFREY, G.
dc.contributor.authorGOMEZ-VARGAS, G.A.
hal.structure.identifierAstrophysique Interprétation Modélisation [AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)]
dc.contributor.authorGRENIER, I.A.
dc.contributor.authorGUIRIEC, S.
dc.contributor.authorHADASCH, D.
dc.contributor.authorHARDING, A.K.
dc.contributor.authorHAYS, E.
dc.contributor.authorHEWITT, J.W.
hal.structure.identifierCentre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan [CENBG]
dc.contributor.authorHOU, X.
dc.contributor.authorJOGLER, T.
dc.contributor.authorJÓHANNESSON, G.
dc.contributor.authorJOHNSON, A.S.
dc.contributor.authorJOHNSON, W.N.
dc.contributor.authorKAMAE, T.
dc.contributor.authorKATAOKA, J.
hal.structure.identifierInstitut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie [IRAP]
dc.contributor.authorKNÖDLSEDER, J.
dc.contributor.authorKOCEVSKI, D.
dc.contributor.authorKUSS, M.
dc.contributor.authorLARSSON, S.
dc.contributor.authorLATRONICO, L.
dc.contributor.authorLONGO, F.
dc.contributor.authorLOPARCO, F.
dc.contributor.authorLOVELLETTE, M.N.
dc.contributor.authorLUBRANO, P.
dc.contributor.authorMALYSHEV, D.
dc.contributor.authorMANFREDA, A.
dc.contributor.authorMASSARO, F.
dc.contributor.authorMAYER, M.
dc.contributor.authorMAZZIOTTA, M.N.
dc.contributor.authorMCENERY, J.E.
dc.contributor.authorMICHELSON, P.F.
dc.contributor.authorMITTHUMSIRI, W.
dc.contributor.authorMIZUNO, T.
dc.contributor.authorMONZANI, M.E.
dc.contributor.authorMORSELLI, A.
dc.contributor.authorMOSKALENKO, I.V.
dc.contributor.authorMURGIA, S.
dc.contributor.authorNEMMEN, R.
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier [LUPM]
dc.contributor.authorNUSS, E.
dc.contributor.authorOHSUGI, T.
dc.contributor.authorOMODEI, N.
dc.contributor.authorORIENTI, M.
dc.contributor.authorORLANDO, E.
dc.contributor.authorORMES, J.F.
dc.contributor.authorPANEQUE, D.
dc.contributor.authorPANETTA, J.H.
dc.contributor.authorPERKINS, J.S.
dc.contributor.authorPESCE-ROLLINS, M.
dc.contributor.authorPETROSIAN, V.
hal.structure.identifierLaboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier [LUPM]
dc.contributor.authorPIRON, F.
dc.contributor.authorPIVATO, G.
dc.contributor.authorRAINÒ, S.
dc.contributor.authorRANDO, R.
dc.contributor.authorRAZZANO, M.
dc.contributor.authorRAZZAQUE, S.
dc.contributor.authorREIMER, A.
dc.contributor.authorREIMER, O.
dc.contributor.authorSÁNCHEZ-CONDE, M.
dc.contributor.authorSCHAAL, M.
dc.contributor.authorSCHULZ, A.
dc.contributor.authorSGRÒ, C.
dc.contributor.authorSISKIND, E.J.
dc.contributor.authorSPANDRE, G.
dc.contributor.authorSPINELLI, P.
dc.contributor.authorSTAWARZ, Ł
dc.contributor.authorSTRONG, A.W.
dc.contributor.authorSUSON, D.J.
dc.contributor.authorTAHARA, M.
dc.contributor.authorTAKAHASHI, H.
dc.contributor.authorTHAYER, J.B.
dc.contributor.authorTIBALDO, L.
dc.contributor.authorTINIVELLA, M.
dc.contributor.authorTORRES, D.F.
dc.contributor.authorTOSTI, G.
dc.contributor.authorTROJA, E.
dc.contributor.authorUCHIYAMA, Y.
dc.contributor.authorVIANELLO, G.
dc.contributor.authorWERNER, M.
dc.contributor.authorWINER, B.L.
dc.contributor.authorWOOD, K.S.
dc.contributor.authorWOOD, M.
dc.contributor.authorZAHARIJAS, G.
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractEnThe Fermi bubbles are two large structures in the gamma-ray sky extending to 55° above and below the Galactic center. We analyze 50 months of Fermi Large Area Telescope data between 100 MeV and 500 GeV above 10° in Galactic latitude to derive the spectrum and morphology of the Fermi bubbles. We thoroughly explore the systematic uncertainties that arise when modeling the Galactic diffuse emission through two separate approaches. The gamma-ray spectrum is well described by either a log parabola or a power law with an exponential cutoff. We exclude a simple power law with more than 7σ significance. The power law with an exponential cutoff has an index of 1.9 ± 0.2 and a cutoff energy of 110 ± 50 GeV. We find that the gamma-ray luminosity of the bubbles is $4.4^{+2.4}_{-0.9} \times 10^{37}$ erg s(–)(1). We confirm a significant enhancement of gamma-ray emission in the southeastern part of the bubbles, but we do not find significant evidence for a jet. No significant variation of the spectrum across the bubbles is detected. The width of the boundary of the bubbles is estimated to be $3.4^{+3.7}_{-2.6}$ deg. Both inverse Compton (IC) models and hadronic models including IC emission from secondary leptons fit the gamma-ray data well. In the IC scenario, synchrotron emission from the same population of electrons can also explain the WMAP and Planck microwave haze with a magnetic field between 5 and 20 μG.
dc.language.isoen
dc.subject.enastroparticle physics
dc.subject.encosmic rays
dc.subject.enGalaxy: general
dc.subject.enGalaxy: halo
dc.subject.engamma rays: diffuse background
dc.subject.enmethods: data analysis
dc.subject.engamma ray: emission
dc.subject.encosmic radiation: galaxy
dc.subject.engamma ray: halo
dc.subject.enlepton: secondary
dc.subject.enmodel: hadronic
dc.subject.enbubble
dc.subject.enmagnetic field
dc.subject.ensynchrotron
dc.subject.enenhancement
dc.subject.enluminosity
dc.subject.enmicrowaves
dc.subject.engamma ray: energy spectrum
dc.subject.enbackground
dc.subject.enelectron
dc.subject.enCompton scattering
dc.subject.enGLAST
dc.subject.enPlanck
dc.subject.enWMAP
dc.title.enThe Spectrum and Morphology of the $Fermi$ Bubbles
dc.typeArticle de revue
dc.identifier.doi10.1088/0004-637X/793/1/64
dc.subject.halPhysique [physics]/Astrophysique [astro-ph]
dc.identifier.arxiv1407.7905
bordeaux.journalAstrophys.J.
bordeaux.page64
bordeaux.volume793
bordeaux.issue1
bordeaux.peerReviewedoui
hal.identifierhal-02017063
hal.version1
hal.popularnon
hal.audienceInternationale
hal.origin.linkhttps://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr//hal-02017063v1
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