BORTOLAMI, Giovanni; FAROLFI, Elena; BADEL, Eric; BURLETT, Regis; COCHARD, Herve; FERRER, Nathalie; KING, Andrew; LAMARQUE, Laurent; LECOMTE, Pascal; MARCHESSEAU-MARCHAL, Marie; POUZOULET, Jerome; TORRES RUIZ, Jose Manuel; TRUEBA, Santiago; DELZON, Sylvain; GAMBETTA, Gregory; DELMAS, Chloe E. L.

doi:10.1093/jxb/erab117

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BORTOLAMI, Giovanni
Santé et agroécologie du vignoble [UMR SAVE]

FAROLFI, Elena
Santé et agroécologie du vignoble [UMR SAVE]

BADEL, Eric
Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant [PIAF]

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Ce document a été publié dans

Journal of Experimental Botany. 2021-05-04, vol. 72, n° 10, p. 3914-3928

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Résumé en anglais

Hydraulic failure has been extensively studied during drought-induced plant dieback, but its role in plant-pathogen interactions is under debate. During esca, a grapevine (Vitis vinifera) disease, symptomatic leaves are prone to irreversible hydraulic dysfunctions but little is known about the hydraulic integrity of perennial organs over the short- and long-term. We investigated the effects of esca on stem hydraulic integrity in naturally infected plants within a single season and across season(s). We coupled direct (ks) and indirect (kth) hydraulic conductivity measurements, and tylose and vascular pathogen detection with in vivo X-ray microtomography visualizations. Xylem occlusions (tyloses) and subsequent loss of stem hydraulic conductivity (ks) occurred in all shoots with severe symptoms (apoplexy) and in more than 60% of shoots with moderate symptoms (tiger-stripe), with no tyloses in asymptomatic shoots. In vivo stem observations demonstrated that tyloses occurred only when leaf symptoms appeared, and resulted in more than 50% loss of hydraulic conductance in 40% of symptomatic stems, unrelated to symptom age. The impact of esca on xylem integrity was only seasonal, with no long-term impact of disease history. Our study demonstrated how and to what extent a vascular disease such as esca, affecting xylem integrity, could amplify plant mortality through hydraulic failure.< Réduire

Mots clés en anglais

Esca

hydraulic failure

plant dieback

tyloses

vascular pathogens

Vitis vinifera L

X-ray microCT

xylem anatomy

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erab117

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Plateforme d'Innovation " Forêt-Bois-Fibre-Biomasse du Futur "

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